Deodorant additive

The aerosol container has enjoyed commercial success ia a wide variety of product categories. Insecticide aerosols were iatroduced ia the late 1940s. Additional commodities, including shave foams, hair sprays, antiperspirants, deodorants, paints, spray starch, colognes, perfumes, whipped cream, and automotive products, followed ia the 1950s. Mediciaal metered-dose aerosol products have also been developed for use ia the treatment of asthma, migraine headaches, and angiaa. 

Deodorization can be carried out ki batch, continuous, or semicontkiuous systems. Figure 4 shows a typical design for a semicontkiuous deodorizer. The heated ok is passed through a series of trays under vacuum. Steam is passed through the ok through a steam sparge ki the bottom of the tray. Volatiles are carried through the headspace and condensed. In addition to fatty acids and compounds responsible for odor, some tocopherols and sterols are also distilled kito the condensate. The amount of tocopherols distilled depends on deodorization temperature and vacuum. 

Isopropyl alcohol is also employed widely as a solvent for cosmetics (qv), eg, lotions, perfumes, shampoos, skin cleansers, nail poHshes, makeup removers, deodorants, body oils, and skin lotions. In cosmetic appHcations, the acetone-like odor of isopropyl alcohol is masked by the addition of fragrance (144). 

Flavor-Masking Deodorant. In addition to its use as a constituent of perfume compositions, vanillin is also useful as a deodorant to mask the unpleasant odor of many manufactured goods. As a masking agent for numerous types of ill-smelling mass-produced industrial products, particularly those of synthetic mbber, plastics, fiber glass, inks, etc, vanillin finds extensive use. It is often the most inexpensive material for the amount of masking effect it provides. Only traces are required for this purpose as the odor of vanillin is perceptible in dilutions of 2 x 10 mg/m of air. Cmde vanillin is acceptable for such purposes. 

In addition, a patent has appeared which describes the concentration and purification of natural vitamin from deodorizer distillates (42). The... 

In addition, modest sanitation, good deodorization, often discussed in literature on the subject (1, 2, 3) and a marked reduction in nitrogen levels can be achieved, at low energy costs (10-15 lira/kg meat produced) within the farmer s financial possibilities. 

The chemical 1,4-di chlorobenzene is usually called para-DCB or p-DCB, but there are about 20 additional names for it, including para crystals and paracide. It is also called paramoth because it is one of two chemicals commonly used to make mothballs. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is used to make deodorant blocks used in garbage cans and restrooms, as well as to help control odors in animal-hoi ding facilities. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene has also been used as an insecticide on... 

In addition, individuals using space deodorants (air fresheners), toilet block deodorants, or moth repellents (moth balls or crystal) containing 1,4-dichlorobenzene in their homes have the potential for high exposure to this compound (Scuderi 1986). Indoor air concentrations resulting from the use of these products in bathrooms and closets have been measured at levels up to 1.3 mg/m (0.22 ppm) (Scuderi 1986). 

Cresols are natural products that are present in many foods and in animal and human urine. They are also present in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, and coal tar. In addition, cresols also are man-made and used as disinfectants and deodorizers, to dissolve substances, and as starting chemicals for making other chemicals. 

Humans emit a variety of VOCs such as pentane and isoprene (e.g., Gelmont et al., 1981 Mendis et al., 1994 Phillips et al., 1994 Jones et al., 1995 Foster et al., 1996). In addition, emissions from personal care products have been observed. Decamethylcyclopen-tasiloxane (D5), a cyclic dimethylsiloxane with five Si-O units in the ring, and the smaller D4 analog, octameth-ylcyclotetrasiloxane, are used in such products as underarm deodorant and antiperspirants at concentrations up to 40-60% by weight (Shields and Weschler, 1992 Shields et al., 1996). Increased concentrations of D5 have been measured in offices and are correlated to human activity, as expected if personal care products were the major source (Shields and Weschler, 1992). In some cases, increased concentrations attributable to emissions from silicone-based caulking materials were also observed (Shields et al., 1996). 

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