Democracy

Accept and involve the public as a legitimate partner. A basic tenet of risk communication in democracy is tliat people and communities have a right to participate in decisions tliat affect tlieir lives, tlieir property, and tlie tilings tliey value. 

Point to Consider The goal in risk communication in a democracy should be to produce an informed public Uiat is involved, interested, reasonable, Uioughlful, solution-oriented, and collaborative. It should not be to diffuse public concerns or replace action. 

In a modern constitutional democracy, laws are created via a hierarchical legislative process. You will find the principal legal principles laid down in a constitution, which derives its legitimacy directly from the will of the people and can only be amended via referendum. The constitution sets out your basic rights as an individual in the... 

Kacser, H. Bums, J.A. (1978). Molecular democracy Who shares the control Biochem. Soc. Trans. 7, 1149-1160. 

A distinction should be made between the different levels of political influence operating at different levels of policy. At the macro level, the body politic is regarded as representative of the public or the electorate. Hence, politics is a means by which society decides which regulatory direction is ethically acceptable, socially preferable, economically beneficial and scientifically reliable. From the perspective of representative democracy, therefore, it is desirable for politics to determine the overall legal frameworks within which dmgs are regulated. But at the micro level, where decisions are made which apply those legal frameworks to specific cases, it is not desirable for politics to exert influence on individual cases. 

Jones, Rufus Matthew. Mysticism and democracy in the English Commonwealth. Oxford OUP, 1932. 

TurkishModel. Continued and upgraded promotion of the Turkish political and economic model of a secular, multi-party, market democracy. Turkish and US-based NGO s, policy and educational institutes, and multilateral organizations like GUUAM and OSCE can play an important role in adapting the Turkish experience to the particular socio-economic and political conditions in selected countries. The focus of such effort ought to be Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. 

It is up to governments (and in a democracy that means the people) to decide how much, if any, pollution should be permitted. They in turn must rely upon scientists and engineers to tell them how various elements and compounds affect man and the environment, so reasonable laws can be enacted. Yet not enough is known about all the substances and their interrelations to anticipate many problems that may arise. Consider the following case, where copper from an overhead power line located in a polluted area was lethal to sheep. 

Still on the subject of Chaques s thesis,9 we could add that it tells the history of the pharmaceutical industry in Spain over the last 40 years. It features chapters on pharmaceutical policy during the Franco regime, the transition to democracy, the Socialist reform of the 1980s and the Popular Parly governments. It also considers the effects of globalization and the decentralization process in Spain. 

Private enterprise cannot be maintained in the age of democracy. It is conceivable only if the people have a sound idea of authority and... 

Since 1945, democracy has lost half of Europe and vast parts of Asia — largely through a defeatist approach. After all, we are only 150,000,000 people out of more than two billion living on this earth. For every American, there are a dozen non-Americans. We cannot dictate how the other people of the world shall live. They will leam to follow the democratic way only if we export deeds — not just money — which make our declaration of faith seem reasonably sincere. 

Slovic, P. 1993. Perceived risk, trust and democracy. Risk Anal. 13, 675-682. 

But 1 believe (hut in the matter of legislation America is proceeding in the main upon a totally false theory, I believe that constructive morality is better than repression. I believe that democracy, more than any other form of government, should trust the people, as it specifically pretends to do. 

---