Degree of consolidation

Settlement and. structural characteristics of landfills. The settlement of landfills depends on the initial compaction, characteristics of wastes, degree of decomposition, and effects of consolidation when the leachate and gases are formed in the landfill. The height of the completed fill will also influence the initial compaction and degree of consolidation. 

Loading pressure that is, degree of consolidation. Material and properties of the body (container). 

The principal structural factor to be considered in hardness testing of multicomponent materials is the degree of consolidation of the material under test, in other words, the compactness of its structure (Colwell et al.,... 

Where a film has been well prepared and burnished to a high degree of consolidation and reflectivity, and is run against a similar film on the counterface, sliding will take place almost entirely between the smooth surfaces. Under those circumstances the wear rate will be extremely low, and may for a period even be nil, so that the mean film thickness remains unchanged for the remainder of the film... 

Even below the temperature at which thermal breakdown becomes significant, there may be large variations in friction and wear with temperature. The nature and extent of the variations are generally inconsistent and unpredictable, depending on the type of binder, concentration of lubricant, other components present in the coating, completeness of film curing, degree of consolidation and the test method used. 

The angle is expected to be affected by the degree of consolidation of the powder and its value, as expected, is usually greater than that of the poured angle of repose. It is clear that the measured values will be affected by the dimensions and size of the container used for the measurement, as well as by the way the powder is charged into it, and there is a need for developing a standard equipment and procedure for this test. 

Compressibility indices are a measure of the tendency for arch formation and the ease with which the arches will fail and, as such, is a useful measure of flow. A limitation of the bulk density indices is that they only measure the degree of consolidation they do not describe how rapidly consolidation occurs. 

The different topics dealt with were chosen according to various criteria such as the degree of consolidation, scope of application and most promising trends. The monograph consists of four parts. The first, after dealing with the basic principles behind the automation of laboratory processes (Chapter 1) and the role of computers In this context (Chapter 2), describes automatic systems for sampling (Chapter 3) and sample treatment (Chapter 4). The second part discusses the principles and commonest components of the principal types of analysers, namely continuous (Chapters 5-7), batch (Chapter 8) and robotic (Chapter 9). The third part Is devoted to the automation of analytical Instrumentation spectroscopic (Chapter 10), electroanalytlcal (Chapter 11) and... 

Composite make-up—fiber orientation, fiber/matrix interface, type of bonding and degree of consolidation. 

Till consists of a variable assortment of rock debris that ranges in size from fine rock flour to boulders and is characteristically unsorted (Bell, 2002). The compactness of a till varies according to the degree of consolidation undergone, the amount of cementation and size of the grains. Tills that contain less than 10% clay fraction are usually friable, whereas those with over 10% clay tend to be massive and compact. 

As well as dry matter, factors such as type of silo, degree of consolidation and the nature and pretreatment of the crop all affect effluent loss, but this will be increased if the silo is left uncovered so that rain enters. Effluent contains sugars, soluble nitrogenous compounds, minerals and fermentation acids, all of which are valuable... 

According to a report by Roskill Information Services published in 2003, the lithium market is characterized by a high degree of consolidation. Actually, three major producers—Sons of Gwalia in Australia, Tanco in Canada, and Bikita Minerals in Zimbabwe—represent the major lithium mineral producers, while Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile SA (SQM) and Sociedad Chilena de Litio (SCL) control the world s supply of lithium carbonate, and Chemetall GmbH of Germany and FMC Corp. of the USA dominate the manufacture of lithium metal and hthium chemicals. 

Depending on the process parameters a specific consolidation degree is reached. In the best case it will be on the same level as received, for example by autoclave consolidation. But, the consolidation region is very limited during the process and due to the limited time available for build-up of a pronounced interdiffusion of the polymer chains the degree of consolidation is in most cases below the maximum reachable value. - ... 

Consolidation is the term used to describe the increase in granule density caused by closer packing of primary particles as liquid is squeezed out as a result of collisions. Consolidation can only occur whilst the binder is still liquid. Consolidation determines the porosity and density of the final granules. Factors influencing the rate and degree of consolidation include particle size, size... 

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