Degradation, disaccharides

Two different kinds of cleavage protocols were investigated. The first was a light induced photo-release reaction followed by a chromatographic work-up. Also, reaction monitoring was performed by MALDl/TOF/MS since the LASER cleaves the disaccharide from the support The second is a hydrolytic cleavage reaction under degradation of the polymeric support and subsequent aqueous extraction to yield the pure product The disaccharides (20) were obtained in yields of 27-76%. 

On Ca +-form columns, some separation of monosaccharides is possible and, for the separation of galactose and glucose in dairy products, this is the column of choice. The separation of several disaccharides, such as sucrose plus maltose plus lactose, in sweetened dairy products cannot be accomplished on single-resin columns, however, and separation on amine-modified silica gel or on dual-resin columns " is recommended. These columns are capable of separating the five major food sugars, namely, D-glucose, D-fructose, sucrose, maltose, and lactose, but are subject to rapid degradation if proper precautions are not used (see Section II,2,a). 

Xyloisosaccharinic acid [2,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid] is one of the major, alkaline-degradation products of wood xylan, in particular, that of birch. The disaccharide, 2-O-D-xylopyranosyl-L-arabinose, which was isolated as a hydrolysis product of corn-cob hemicellulose, is readily degraded at 100° in 15 mM Ca(OH)2 to acidic products, primarily saccharinic acids. Xylan oligosaccharides from corn-cob hemicellulose produced 2,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)buta-noic acid when exposed to 0.02 M Ca(OH)2 at 25°. However, it was noted that the xylan, itself, was stable at 100° in Af NaOH. The major acidic component of the hemicellulose fraction of slash pine Pinus el-liotti) after acid hydrolysis was identified as 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic... 

Cuscutic resinoside A (1 tetradecanoic acid, (115)-[[6-deoxy-3-(9-(6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl)-4-0-[(2/ ,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-niethyl-l-oxobutyl]-a-L-nianno-pyranosyl]oxy]-intramol. l,2 -ester) was obtained from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of a methanol extract prepared from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. The purification of this compound employed a combination of column and preparative-scale HPLC. The structure was deduced from spectroscopic evidence and acid hydrolysis 14). The degradative process gave convolvuUnolic acid, nilic acid, and L-rhamnose. The sugar components were identified by GC analysis after being converted to their thiazolidine derivatives. This disaccharide has a unique macrocyclic lactone, which is placed between C-1 and C-2 of the first rhamnose moiety. 

Recently, the use of two successive degradations by Zempl n s method has been applied to 3-(D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose for the preparation of a non-reducing disaccharide, l-(D-glucopyranosyl)-D-erythrofuranoside. 

Although the isolation and identification of new disaccharides, tri-saccharides and tetrasaccharides and their derivatives, either by acid hydrolysis or by controlled oxidative degradation, " would be of great help in these studies it would appear to be worth while to develop other indirect methods of approach involving the use of enzymes capable of effecting scission at specific points in the molecular complex. Better methods for the quantitative separation of sugars and their derivatives are in the process of development and it is not unlikely that in the near future it will be possible to derive formulas not only for plant gums but for the many related complex polysaccharides. 

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