Davenport

Wang J, Ocko B M, Davenport A J and Isaacs H I 1992 In situ diffraction and reflectivity studies of the Au(111 )/electrolyte interface Reconstruction and anion adsorption Phys. Rev B 34 10 321-38... 

Extmsion processing is highly automated. Some extmders may process over 9 t/h, and in one Ralston Purina plant (Davenport, Iowa) 30 extmders were operating in a single location. With computer assistance, one person can operate many different extmders, and several different foods can be produced simultaneously. These maybe different formulations or different colors and shapes to be packaged singly or combined into one variety pack. The differences in variety may be attributable only to added colors or different shapes. 

G. S. Brady and H. R. Clauser, Materials Handbook, 11th ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, 1977. J. G. Peacey and W. G. Davenport, The Iron Blast Eumace, Pergamon Press, London, 1979. 

A. Ferguson, D. J. Treskon, and R. E. Davenport, Boron Minerals and Chemicals, Chemical Economics Handbook, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif., 1977, p. 717.1000A. 

A. K. Biswas and W. G. Davenport, Extractive Metallurgy of Copper Pergamon Press, New York, 1980. 

Davenport, J. A., Storage (Protection Guidelines Revised for Storage of Elammable and Combustible Eiquids), The Sentinel, 3rd Quarter 1988. 

D02 G.E. Duvall, D.E. Davenport, and J.J. Kelly, Metallurgical Effects of Explosion-Induced Shock Waves, in Research Seminar on High Nickel Alloys for High Temperatures, Iron-Nickel Alloys, Stainless Steels (The International Nickel Co., New York, 1960). 

J. A. Davenport, Hazards and Protection of Pressure Storage of Liquefied Petroleum Gases, Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries, Societe de Chimie Industrielle, Paris, 1986, p. 22-1. 

Davenport [1] has listed more than 60 major leaks of flammable materials, most of which resulted in serious fires or unconfined vapor cloud explosions. Table 9-1, derived from his data, classifies the leak by point of origin and shows that pipe failures accounted for half the failures— more than half if we exclude transport containers. It is therefore important to know why pipe failures occur. Following, a number of typical failures (or near failures) are discussed. These and other failures, summarized in References 2 and 3, show that by far the biggest single cause of pipe failures has been the failure of construction teams to follow instructions or to do well what was left to their discretion. The most effective way of reducing pipe failures is to ... 

John A. Davenport was the CCPS staff liaison and was responsible for the overall administration of the project. 

Accidents involving fire have occurred ever since man began to use flammable liquids or gases as fuels. Summaries of such accidents are given by Davenport (1977), Strehlow and Baker (1976), Lees (1980), and Lenoir and Davenport (1993). The presence of flammable gases or liquids can result in a BLEVE or flash fire or, if sufficient fuel is available, a vapor cloud explosion. 

The TNT equivalence of the blast was estimated to be 20-60 tons (Davenport, 1983). The area of total destruction was 430,000 ft (40,000 m ) and the area of total destruction plus severe damage was 3,200,000 ft (300,000 m ) (Figures 2.7-2.9). The main cause of the explosion was the turbulence generated by the release itself. The release did, however, occur in a very congested area. 

Davenport (1986) describes the following accident. On May 30, 1978, at 2 00 a.m., the overfilling with isobutane of sphere 409 in the tank farm of a refinery at Texas City, Texas (Figure 2.27) caused the sphere to crack at a bad weld and resulted in... 

Davenport, J. A. 1977. A survey of vapor cloud incidents. Chemical Engineering Progress. Sept. 1977, 54-63. 

Davenport, J. A. 1983. A Study of Vapor Cloud Incidents—An Update. Fourth Interna-tional Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety in the Process Industries. European Federation of Chemical Engineering, Sept. 1983, Harrogate, England. 

Lenoir, E. M., and J. A. Davenport. 1993. A Survey of Vapor Cloud Explosions Second Update. Process Sttfety Progress. 12 12-33. 

Although it recognized that much higher values have been occasionally observed in vapor cloud explosion incidents, the U.K. Health Safety Executive (HSE) states that surveys by Brasie and Simpson (1968), Davenport (1977, 1983), and Kletz (1977) show that most major vapor cloud explosions have developed between 1% and 3% of available energy. It therefore recommends that a value of 3% of TNT equivalency be used for predictive purposes, calculated from the theoretical combustion energy present in the cloud. 

John A. Davenport (Industrial Risk Insurers), chair John V. Birtwistle (Monsanto Chemical Company)... 

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