Data, principal compilations

In addition to the statistics thus far described data are also available for the years 1940 to 1950 by geographic areas. These data show tons originated and tons terminated for each of the commodity classes for 42 states separately, the New England states combined, and the District of Columbia and Canada. These geographic area statistics primarily provided data as to the principal states of origin for the 262 reporting commodity classes (1947) as well as data with respect to the consumption, by states, of those same commodities. However, the reports from which these data were compiled were discontinued as of January 1,1951. 

In Neunhoeffer s contribution to CHEC-I a large body of detailed data was compiled, for x-ray diffraction, H and C NMR, ESR, UV/VIS, fluorescence, phosphorescence, and photoelectron spectroscopy <84CHEC-i(3)531>. It is not possible within the limited space of this contribution to go back to the roots. There are many individual reports of spectral data on a variety of tetrazine derivatives, but it would be inappropriate to tabulate them here. The principal aspects of different types of spectroscopy have been well described by Neunhoeffer in . A few new results are presented in this chapter. 

There is a considerable amount of experimentaldata for properties of mixtures wherein toluene is a principal constituent. Compilations and bibhographies exist for vapor—hquid equihbrium measurements (9,10), hquid—hquid equihbrium measurements (11), and azeotropic data (12,13). 

Boron Monoxide and Dioxide. High temperature vapor phases of BO, B2O3, and BO2 have been the subject of a number of spectroscopic and mass spectrometric studies aimed at developiag theories of bonding, electronic stmctures, and thermochemical data (1,34). Values for the principal thermodynamic functions have been calculated and compiled for these gases (35). 

Data compiled for 1992 placed the wodd s estimated proved natural gas reserves at approximately 1.24 x 1014 m3 (4.38 x 1015 ft3) (4). Data for the Confederation of Independent States (CIS) are denoted as explored reserves and include proved, probable, and some possible gas. The data for Canada also include some probable reserves. The woddwide natural gas reserves have continued to increase as the demand for gas has increased and exploration efforts have expanded. In 1976, the wodd natural gas reserves were estimated to be 6.58 x 1013 m3. In 1987, the reserves were 1.06 x 1014 m3, and by 1992 the reserve estimates had grown to 1.24 x 1014 m3. The distribution of the reserves in 1992 by principal geographical areas is shown in Table 1. In 1992, the principal political/geographical entities of the United States, the Confederation of Independent States (CIS), and the Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) held 3.87, 39.97, and 39.7% of the wodd s natural gas reserves, respectively. 

Whilst the rate coefficients for many binary and ternary negative ion-molecule reactions have been acquired recently, predominantly using the FA technique (see the data compilation of Albritton115 ), many more are required if the important paths in the synthesis of the observed negative ion clusters are to be identified. Product distributions have been studied even less for negative ion-molecule reactions, principally because of experimental difficulties, yet more than one product channel is accessible in several atmospherically important reactions73, for example,... 

Because of the continual revision in pP values, no attempt will be made to present a list of critically compiled data, even for the compounds of principal interest in soils. In this and subsequent chapters, Standard-State chemical potentials for gases, liquids, solids, and solutes usually will be taken from data in the following critical compilations. 

The adopted vibrational frequencies are from the work of Clark and Rippon ( ), who recorded the Raman spectra in the vapor phase (210 C). The spectral data were interpreted in terms of a tetrahedral structure. This structure is consistent with the electron diffraction data of Lister and Sutton (6), Yamasaki et al. (7 ), and Spitzer et al. (8), which suggested a tetrahedral structure with a Si-Br bond distance of 2.15 0.02 A. We adopt this bond distance. The principal moments of inertia are I = Ip 163.5574X 10 g cm. Shimanouchi, in a recent compilation of molecular vibrational frequencies (9), suggested somewhat... 

The vibrational frequencies were assigned by Catalano and Pitzer (7), on the basis of their own Infra-red spectra and other data. The molecular dimensions listed above were deduced from microwave spectra by Robinson (8), and are confirmed by electron-diffraction values compiled by Allen and Sutton (9,). The moments of inertia are weighted for the isotopes and were calculated from Robinson s dimensions by Giauque and Ott (10). Giauque and Ott (10) determined S (298.15 K) experimentally to be 67.81 cal k" mol", with which the value calculated here agrees, i.e. 67.816 cal K mol. The principal moments of... 

Figure 5.1. Approximate circumpolar paths of the principal fronts within the Antarctic Circumpolar Current based on historical data compilation. Adapted from Whitworth (2).

It is advisable always to use principal components analysis to check the consistency when large data tables are anafysed. Two or three components are sufficient to detect clear outliers. Outh ers are almost always found, and in most cases they are artifacts arising from blunder-type errors committed in the compilation of the data or errors committed in the preparation of the data, e.g. typing errors when data are transferred, aberrant observations, or errors committed in analysis or experimental procedures. Erroneous data of this kind are almost impossible to detect by visual inspection of the data table, but are easily detected firom the score plots. 

The data of 103 solvents are sununarized in Appendix 15 A Table 15A1. Data for solvents 1-82 were taken from the the first edition of the book by Reichardt[22a] and these data were also used in the first determination of the principal properties of organic solvents.[20] The numbering of the solvent in [20] was the same as in the book by Reichardt. To make it possible to compare the results given here to the previous results, the same numbering has been kept for the first 82 solvents. The augmented data set used here has been compiled from the second edition of the book by Reichardt[22b] and from other sources, (see Appendix 15A Table 15A.1). 

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