Data management analytical results

Computer System. The brain of the modern clinical chemistry analyzer is its computer system. The part of the computer system that controls the functional aspects of the analyzer is known as the process control computer or analytical processor (AP) the test results are handled by the data management computer, also known as the results processor (RP). 

Current procedures emphasise the importance of storing the laboratory recorded data ( raw data ) and the XRFS analyses are now direcdy transferred via a Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) to data tables in the BGS corporate geochemistry database. Conditioned data is loaded to different data tables and importantly every analyte result has an accompanying qualifier field that can be provided to the user to explain any data quality issues. 

A laboratory QA/QC program is an essential part of a sound management system. It should be used to prevent, detect, and correct problems in the measurement process and/or demonstrate attainment of statistical control through QC samples. The objective of QA/QC programs is to control analytical measurement errors at levels acceptable to the data user and to assure that the analytical results have a high probability of acceptable quality. 

Reference Data The system does not have to take care of the raw data or associated data that belong to a molecular entity. The reference data section manages pointers to reference information that is kept in individual databases, like molecular raw data, analytical results, or spectroscopic or chromatographic data. 

The quality of an analytical result also depends on the vaUdity of the sample utilized and the method chosen for data analysis. There are articles describiag Sampling and automated sample preparation (see Automated instrumentation) as well as articles emphasizing data treatment (see Chemometrics Computer technology), data iaterpretation (see Databases Imaging technology), and the communication of data within the laboratory or process system (see Expert systems Laboratory information management systems). 

Erroneous values have a way of creeping into results despite the control measures in the Quality Assurance Plan (QAP). The data review process must be designed to remove such mistakes. Data review should accompany each step of the analytical process from sample receipt to calculation of activity. Thereafter, weeding out erroneous values becomes a management responsibility during data compilation for presentation andretention. Especially for the reality checks described below, the data compiler must be knowledgeable about radioanalytical chemistry processes as well as the pattern of analytical results related to sources of radionuclides, or must be assisted by specialists in these topics. 

One potential explanation for an apparent failure of reductionism is simply the manner in which manpower has been organized (i.e., the research infrastructure) to attack problems of the magnitude of those considered, for example, by the National Research Council panel noted earlier. With some exceptions, the majority of funded research efforts is short term and involve very small teams. Is it possible that the amount of information to reduce is too much to produce results that would be characterized as success (i.e., does the equivalent of an undercapitalized business venture exist ) It is further observed that the value of reduction is often only demonstrable by the ability to assemble. As noted, the prime tool of assembly thus far has been statistical in nature and relatively few causal models have been seriously entertained. With regard to human systems, it is clear that there are many such items to assemble and many details to consider if assembly — with high fidelity— is to result. Furthermore, it is clear that tools (i.e., special computer software) are needed to make such assembly efforts efficient enough to consider undertaking. Has the data management and analytic power of computers, which have only been readily available in convenient-to-use forms and with required capacities for less than a decade, been fuUy exploited in a fair test of reductionism ... 

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