Dangerous Doses

Infants maybe sensitive to doses of vitamin A [11103-57-4] in the range of 75,000—200,000 lU (22.5—60 mg), although the toxic dose in adults is probably 2—5 million lU (90.6—1.5 g). Intakes in this range from normal food suppHes without oral supplements are simply beyond imagination (79). Vitamin D [1406-16-2] toxicity is much more difficult to substantiate clinically. Humans can synthesize active forms of the vitamin in the skin upon irradiation of 7-dehydrocholesterol. Toxic symptoms are relatively nonspecific, and dangerous doses seem to He in the range of 1000—3000 lU/kg body wt (25—75 flg/kg body wt) (80). Cases of toxicity of both vitamins E and K have been reported, but under ordinary circumstances these vitamins are considered relatively innocuous (81). 

The patient died after 12 mg IV Colchicine (antigout) was given instead of 2 mg IV, imtil diarrhea, as ordered. The physician was contacted by the pharmacist but insisted on the dose. There was no computer warning about the dangerous dose and the nurses had no idea that they were giving an overdose. 

Workers exposed to carbaryl dust at levels that occasionally reached 40mg/m had slight depression in blood cholinesterase activity but no clinical symptoms. In general, cases of occupational poisoning by carbaryl are rare because mild symptoms appear long before a dangerous dose is absorbed, furthermore. 

Infants rnay be sensitive to doses of vitamin A in the range of 75,000-200,000 IU (90.6-1.5 g). Dangerous doses of vitamin D seem to lie in the range uf 1000-3000 lU/kg body wl (25-75 pg/kg body wl). Cases of toxicity of both vitamins E and K have been reported, but under ordinary circumstances these vitamins are considered relatively innocuous. 

The dangerous acute dose of the technical mixture has been estimated at about 30 g and the dangerous dose of lindane at about 7 to 15 g. However, as already mentioned, a single dose of 45 mg (or approximately 0.65 mg/kgD of lindane caused convulsions. Lindane shows a marked difference in toxicity to different species. Its toxic effect on laboratory animals compares favorably with that of DDT, but for several domestic animals, notably calves, lindane is more toxic than DDT or dieldrin. On a chronic systemic basis the a, p and y isomers are experimental carcinogens. Has been implicated in aplastic anemia. 

Some studies report mild cognitive impairment in heavy ecstasy users, but the scientific literature is inconsistent regarding other functions. Other unresolved issues include the dangerous dose range, frequency of use and whether deficits are reversible. 

Keep in mind that iron is a key element in the body s energy-producing system. If you lack energy, tire easily, or would like more energy, you should find out if your serum ferritin level is low. That s the best lab test for iron deficiency. Meanwhile, don t take any iron supplements over 20 milligrams. (You can find tablets or capsules with up to 300 milligrams of iron. That s a very dangerous dose.)... 

Warm-blooded species varied considerably in response to sodium fluoroacetate, with primates more resistant and rodents and carnivores more susceptible. Based on fatal or near fatal cases of human poisonings, the dangerous dose for humans is 0.5-2.0mg/kg BW. Among the 171 species of mammals tested, for which there are data, there was considerable variability in the time until signs of poisoning became apparent (0.1 h to >7 days), the time to death (0.1 h to >21 days), and... 

As early as 1940, Pelerls examined the physibloglcal action of tte radiations resulting from a nuclear cimin reaction under steady State conditions. He theorized that his chain reaction would emit 200 kW in the form of gamma rays and that a dangerous dose would be delivered in 10 min at 100 m and In 1 h at 250 m. While Pelerls analysis was carried out well before any quantity of fissile material was available, he nevertheless suggested a safety technique udiich was that Hie reaction vessel could be quickly destroyed by shelling befbre fatal consequences ensued. 

Franks, A. P., P. J. Harper, andM. Bilo (1996). The Relationship Between Risk ofDeath and Risk of Dangerous Dose for Toxic ubstances. /owrmi/ (fHazartUm Materiah, Vol. 51, p. 11. 

A. P. Franks, P. J. Harper and M. Bilo, The relationship between risk of death and risk of dangerous dose for toxic substances, /. Hazard. Mater., 1996, 51,11-34. 

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