Damp patches

Damp patches. These are usually caused by differences in the capillary absorptivity of the masonry and are visible on exterior walls as uneven patchy areas after rain (Figure 6.8). 

We slept in a copse of pines, wrapped in cloaks and holding our horses, while the clinging damp of the mist collected on the needle-leaves above our heads and fell in heavy drops to startle us awake. At Boston, on the morrow, we looked toward the Wash and saw at once by the patched and salty mere before us that the tide was out. We must hasten to find a guide to take us across. 

Symptoms Yellow patches on upper leaf surfaces, with corresponding patches of mold beneath in damp weather. Large areas of a leaf may be infected and the leaf may die. Onions rot in store. Most common in damp and humid growing situations. 

Behrends JC, Fertig N (2002) Planar patch clamping. In Walz W (ed) Neuromethods, vol 38 Patch-damp analysis, 2nd edn. Humana, New Jersey, p 411... 

CNS damping effects. Scopolamine is effective in the prophylaxis ofkinetosis (motion sickness, sea sickness, see p.342) it is mostly applied by a transdermal patch. Scopolamine (pJCa = 7.2) penetrates the blood-brain barrier faster than does atropine (p/Ca = 9), because at physiological pH a larger proportion is present in the neutral, membrane-permeant form. 

Keeping complete garden records may also help you make a diagnosis. If a plant s leaves suddenly become distorted or damaged, looking at your records may help you realize that you applied some form of pest control under the wrong conditions. For example, you might have applied Bordeaux mix when the weather was too cool and damp, which would account for the discolored patches on your apples. 

The original Testoderm brand patch was formulated for scrotal application. Scrotal skin is thinner and has a richer vascular supply than does the skin on the arms or thighs. Therefore application of Testoderm patches produced excellent absorption of the hormone. However, the patch could fall off when the scrotum became damp or moist, when the patient exercised, or if the scrotum was excessively hairy. 

Several techniques for inhibiting corrosion are available. First, from eqn 25.66 we see that the rate of corrosion depends on the surfaces exposed if either A or A is zero, then the corrosion current is zero. This interpretation points to a trivial, yet often effective, method of slowing corrosion cover the surface with some impermeable layer, such as paint, which prevents access of damp air. Paint also increases the effective solution resistance between the cathode and anode patches on the surface. 

Hamill, O.P., Marty, A., Neher, E., Sakmann, B., and Sigworth, F.J. (1981) Improved patch-damp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches. Pflugers Arch., 391 85-100. 

Obvious sea slicks, where the film pressure exceeds —3 X 10 N m" and capillary waves are damped, eis well as surface scums and foam patches, all exhibit IR spectra with the same essential features as ambient films but often considerably enhanced. In addition, minor C—H bands at 2950, 2850 cm are often found (Fig. 6b). Thus the glycoprotein/proteoglycan material appears to dominate even in visible slicks, while the differences between slicks and ambient films are largely quantitative and not qualitative. It can be noted that such behaviour was predicted on the basis of film pressure/area behaviour in Section 2.2. Simple planktonic lipids do not appear to be an important constituent of natural sea slicks on the basis of the IR evidence, which agrees with the comparisons of microlayer analyses for these compounds with DOC and POC made in Section 3.4. 

Dermal Effects. Five men who wore coveralls that were damp from dry cleaning with Stoddard solvent developed sores on the penis and buttocks (Nethercott et al. 1980). None had an allergic reaction in a patch test. Standard texts and review articles on industrial hygiene list Stoddard solvent or Varsol as a possible eye, skin, nose, and throat irritant (Birmingham 1988 McDermott 1975 NIOSH 1990 Sax and Lewis 1989). 

Amphiphilic compounds are also surface-active their differently polarized regions cause them to accumulate at interfacial zones in the environment. For example, at the air-water interface, amphiphiles tend to orient themselves in surface microlayers or surface films (see Section l.B.2d), where the polar region of the molecule is associated with the water phase and the nonpolar region is forced out of solution and extends up into the air phase. Often these surface layers are visible by the damping effect they exert on wave action (Figure 1.8) they are apparent as smoother patches among the ripples on a lake or in the ocean. 

For large patches, or a continuous layer of constrained damping, the optimisation must use computer methods. Figure 7.15 shows the effect of... 

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram From membrane protein purification over reconstitution into dialysis vesides to patch damp technique (adapted from ref. 5).

Hectrophysiological measurements using the dip stick (6) and patch damp technique (7) were performed with three different preparations of proteoliposomes. Liposomes containing the entire CFqCFj (4), liposomes containing mainly CFg where most of CFj was removed by NaBr treatment (4) and liposomes containing subunit m which had been recovered from SDS gels (4,8). 

---