D-A luminescent systems

Johnson, F. H., Stachel, H. D., Shimomura, O., and Haneda, Y. (1966). Partial purification of the luminescence system of a deep-sea shrimp Hoplophorus gracilorostris. In Johnson, F. FI., and Haneda, Y. (eds.), Bioluminescence in Progress, pp. 523-532. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. 

Figure 3 (A) Robot system for lipofection screening (A) Worktable with racks for microplates, buffer reservoirs, plastic, and glass vials. (B) Four tip liquid handling arm. (C) Gripper for transport of microplates and glass test tubes. (D) High power water bath sonicator. ( ) Nitrogen evaporator. (F) Microplate washer. (G) Absorbance reader. (H) Luminescence reader. (/) Transparent hood. (/) CO2 incubator with pneumatic door (from the rear, front view in B). (B) Self-constructed robotic conveyor for the transport of cell culture plates from the incubator to the worktable.

Figure 60. Comet-tail CO+(A1l —>X2 2+) spectra from (a, c) luminescent ion-molecule reaction C++02- C0+ + 0 at lab = 5 eV (b,d), charge-transfer reaction Ar+ +CO->CO+ + Ar at lab=1000 eV. Experimental spectra (a, b) were obtained with 2-nm spectral resolution. Tabulated band heads for CO+ (A— BX) system are indicated. Spectral lines designated as Ar(II) and C(I) do not belong to CO+ emission. Dashed portion of curves was not actually measured. Spectra simulated by computer calculations are given in diagrams (c and d). Rotational distributions assumed in simulation calculations were thermal with T= 45,000°K (c) and 1000°K (

Reany, O., Gunnlaugsson, T., and Parker, D. (2000) A model system using modulation of lanthanide luminescence to signal Zn + in competitive aqueous media. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions, 2, 1819-1831. 

Arkin. M.R. Stemp, E.D.A. Turro. C. Turro, N.J. Barton, J.K. Luminescent quenching in supramolecular systems A comparison of DNA- and SDS micelle-mediated photoinduced electron transfer between metal complexes. 9. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118. 2267. 

In D-A energy-transfer systems, pronounced photoluminescence (PL) of A can be observed as only D is excited. As a result, the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectrum of A contains the characteristic excitation spectrum of D. This is strong spectroscopic evidence for the occurrence of D-A energy transfer. The other spectroscopic effect of energy transfer is an intensity decrease of D luminescence followed by an intensity increase of A luminescence. 

There is another simple method for determining Rc from the critical concentration (xc) of acceptors for the D-A system. The critical concentration is defined as the concentration at which the efficiency of energy transfer is equal to the efficiency of D luminescence, i.e.. the efficiency of D luminescence reaches one-half of its efficiency in the absence of A. The value of Xc can be obtained with steady-state luminescence measurement as the intensity of D luminescence is decreased to one-half of its intensity in the absence of A, which is expressed as... 

Fig. 27 (a) Luminescence of [Ru(dpp)3] by the closed form of BTF6 in degassed CH3CN solution, (b) Schematic of the systems involved in the photochromic process, (c) Demonstration of fatigue resistance, using luminescence lifetime as readout. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from (D. V. Kozlov and F. N. Castellano, The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2004, 108, 10619-10622). Copyright (2004) American Chemical Society. 

Panczer G, Gaft M, Marfunin A (2000) Systems of interacting luminescence centers in natural diamonds laser-induced time-resolved luminescence and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. In Pagel M, Barbin V, Blanc P, Ohnenstetter D (eds) Cathodoluminescence in geosciences. Springer, Berlin, pp 359-373... 

Teuchner, K., Stiel, H., Leupold, D., Scherz, A., Noy, D., Simonin, 1., Hartwich, G., and Scheer, H., Fluorescence and excited state absorption in modified pigments of bacterial photosynthesis a comparative study of metal-substituted bacteriochlorophylls a, /. Luminesc., 72-74, 612,1997. Fleming, G.R. and van GrondeUe, R., Femtosecond spectroscopy of photosynthetic hght-harvesting systems, Curr. Opinion in Struct. Biol, 1, 738, 1997. 

Luck, W.A.P. 1981. Structures of water in aqueous systems. In Water Activity Influences on Food Quality (L.B. Rockland and G.F. Stewart, eds), pp. 407 134. Academic Press, New York. Ludescher, R.D., Shah, N.K., McCaul, C.P., and Simon, K.V. 2001. Beyond Tg Optical luminescence measurements of molecular mobility in amorphous solid foods. Food Hydro colloids 15, 331-339. Ludwig, R. 2001. Water From cluster to the bulk. Angewandte Chem. Int. Ed. 40, 1808-1827. Maclnnes, W.M. 1993. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of sucrose solutions. In The Glassy State in Foods (J.M.V. Blanshard and PJ. Lillford, eds), pp. 223-248. Nottingham Univ. Press, Loughborough, Leicestershire. 

Fig. 37 (a) QD-based sensing of cocaine by the formation of a cocaine-aptamer supramolecular structure that triggers FRET and (b) time-dependent luminescence spectra of the system in the presence of cocaine. The inset shows a calibration curve for variable concentrations of cocaine and a fixed so observation time of 15 min. (c) Schematic of the FRET-based TNT sensor and (d) increase of the QD luminescence upon addition of TNT in the competitive assay format. (Reprinted with permission from [220, 221], Copyright 2009 Royal Society of Chemistry and 2005 American Chemical Society)... 

Even when the d-d state is at much higher energy than the emitting level, it can still be of paramount importance in the photophysics and photochemistry of the system. Indeed, a major contributor to the temperature-dependent loss of emission intensity in luminescent metal complex based sensor materials is nonradiative decay via high-energy d-d excited states.(15) The model for this is shown in Figure 4.4A. The excited state lifetime is given by... 

K. Mandel, T. D. L. Pearson, and J. N. Demas, New luminescent quantum counter systems based on a transition metal complex, Inorg. Chem. 20, 786-789 (1981). 

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