Cyanhydric acid

The selectivity to / -containing compounds was the lower with catalysts having the greater amount of Sn (x=3 and 5). The yield of products having more than 2 C atoms was very low in fact the prevailing products were cyanhydric acid and acetonitrile. The main product of the reaction was CO2, with negligible formation of... 

The ACH process has recently been improved, as stated by Mitsubishi Gas. Acetone-cyanohydrin is first hydrolized to 2-hydroxyisobutylamide with an Mn02 catalyst the amide is then reacted with methylformiate to produce the methyl ester of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid, with coproduction of formamide (this reaction is catalyzed by Na methoxide). The ester is finally dehydrated with an Na-Y zeolite to methylmethacrylate. Formamide is converted to cyanhydric acid, which is used to produce acetone-cyanohydrin by reaction with acetone. The process is very elegant, since it avoids the coproduction of ammonium bisulphate, and there is no net income of HCN. Problems may derive from the many synthetic steps involved, and from the high energy consumption. 

ACO requires ascorbate as a cosubstrate and catalyzes the coupled oxidation of ACC and ascorbate to ethylene, cyanhydric acid, carbon dioxide, and dehydroascorbate, using a single nonheme ferrous ion and dioxygen. The active site contains a single Fe(2+) ion linked to the side chains of two histidines and one aspartate. Both ACC and dioxygen are coordinated to the Fe(2+) ion, generating an Fe(3- -)-ACC-superoxo... 

Trimethylorthoformate 17 is a highly activated Cl building block and a formic acid equivalent which is commonly applied in organic condensation reactions. 17 can be produced on an industrial scale by two major routes. The first starts with chloroform and sodium methanolate, but produces 3 equiv. of sodium chloride as waste. The second route is based on the acidic methanolysis of cyanhydric acid, which also produces stoichiometric amounts of ammonium chloride. Despite the reduced salt waste, the use and handling of cyanhydric acid mean high safety costs. Therefore, anodic methoxylation of formaldehyde dimethylacetal (16) to... 

We have known that chlorine, by its action upon certain organic substances, as cyanhydric acid, essence of bitter almonds, wax, c., expels a certain number of atoms of hydrogen, which are replaced by an equal number of atoms of chlorine. We have known that oxygen sometimes comports itself in a similar manner, and also, that in some bodies the hydrogen set free is not replaced by its equivalent of chlorine. 

The second level of aid, on-site intervention, necessitates an application from the public authorities for the requisitioning of both personnel and material means from the voluntary firms. A total of 173 firms are members of the TRANSAID Convention. Moreover, specialized aid agreements have already been signed by the Interior Minister and the professional unions of manufacturers of the following chemicals chlorine, cyanhydric acid, ethylene, alkyl lead compounds, and liquefied gases. 

Stohr and Boehm [29] studied the enhancement of oxidative catalytic activity of active carbons treated with ammonia or cyanhydric acid at 600 to 900°C. 

Trimethyl orthoformate (9) represents a formic acid equivalent which is commonly applied in organic condensation reactions. The anodic methoxylatiOTi of the inexpensive formaldehyde dimethyl acetal (8)-(9) is an interesting alternative, since excessive salt waste or operation with cyanhydric acid can be avoided. The electrolysis can be cmiducted at BDD anodes in undivided cells. Product (9) is obtained in 75 % selectivity with a partial conversion of 27 % (8). 

Solvation Long-chain alcohols and esters Neutral solutes Cyanhydric acid HCN, paracetamol... 

The most economic and widely used process for the production of MMA monomer involves the reaction of acetone with cyanhydric acid according to the following reaction pathway ... 

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