Culture tools

Museums such as the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., and many other museums across the globe, display a variety of artifacts from past cultures. Tools, weapons, utensils, fabrics, and bones provide a rich visual description of how people used to live and die. By visiting a museum, a person can take a step back in time and get a sense of the problems faced by people who came before, as well as the tools and technology by which these people attempted to solve these problems. 

Around 2004 the first safety culture tools designed for healthcare began to appear. Maity of these tools are in the form of survey instruments or questioimaires, the two most well-known being the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC) developed by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ - Sexton et al. 2006). Both instruments are described in detail within the book and illustrated with... 

Various safety culture tools and approaches have been adapted from other industries and tailored to measure safety culture in healthcare organisations. These include safety culture measurement tools, safety walk rounds and checklists which aim to standardise patient care and improve reliability. So how have safety culture tools been adapted and implemented in healthcare organisations What lessons have we leamt so far that could inform future work in this area ... 

Flixborough Case History in Building Process Safety Culture Tools to Enhance Process Safety Performance, Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, 2005. 

Culture is the primary mechanism of human behavior and adaptation. Cultures are passed on socially from generation to generation. Tools and the ways... 

Cytochalasins B and D are used as tools to study F-actin. Cytochalasins bind to the barbed end of F-actin and block the addition as well as dissociation of G-actin at that end. When applied to cultured cells micromolar concentrations of cytochalasins remove stress fibres and other F-actin structures. 

The cy tochalasins A, B, C, D, E, and H are found in various species of mould. Mainly cytochalasin B and D are used as experimental tools. Cytochalasin D is 10 times more potent, acting at concentrations between 2 and 35 nM in cell-free systems. Cy tochalasins bind to the barbed end of F-actin and block the addition as well as dissociation of G-actin at that end. At micromolar concentrations, cytochalasin D can bind to G-actin and actin dimers and thus block additional polymerization. When applied to cultured cells, micromolar concentrations of cytochalasins remove stress fibres and other F-actin structures. 

The debut of the selective AChR agonist (+)-anatoxin-a has provided a new tool for AChR physiology and pharmacology. (+)-Anatoxin not only has high affinity for the nicotinic AChR but it also has high selectivity for nicotinic over muscarinic receptors in the mammalian CNS. Recently, the use of (+)-anatoxin-a was essential to the identification of nicotinic receptors on cultured neurons (4), We are studying the features which allow it to bind with high affinity to the peripheral and central nicotinic receptors and the kinetic effects on receptor conformational... 

In the interdisciplinary field of biophysics and biotechnology, the bioeffects of electric field have received considerable interest for both fundamental studies on these interaction mechanisms and potential application. However, the effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) on secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures and fermentation processes have been unknown. Therefore, it would be very interesting to find out whether PEF could be used as a new tool for stimulating secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures for potential application to the value-added plant-specific secondary metabolite production. Furthermore, if the PEF permeabilization and elicitation are discovered in a cell culture system, the combination of... 

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