Crystalline nanowires

The process begins with the synthesis of different semiconductor nanomaterials (e.g., single-walled carbon nanotubes and single-crystalline nanowires/... 

Solution-Liquid-Solid (SLS) growth of semiconductor nanowires by Wang etal. (2006). The synthesis proceeds by a solution-based catalysed growth mechanism in which nanometer-scale metallic droplets catalyse the decomposition of metallo-organic precursors and crystalline nanowire growth. 

If the nanowires are coiled, one likely reason is that they were crystalline, as evidenced by coiled nanowires in ZnO case. The crystalline nanowires that were originally coiled could become amorphous after they were exposed to air, but they... 

Metal nanowires are obtained in good yields by the nebulized spray pyrolysis of a methanolic solution of metal acetates.165 This method has been employed for the synthesis of single-crystalline nanowires of zinc, cadmium and lead (see Fig. IS). The nanowires seem to grow by the vapour-solid mechanism. ZnO nanotubes... 

Solution-Liquid-Solid Process Buhro and coworkers [276], have developed a low temperature solution-liquid-solid (SLS) method for the synthesis of highly crystalline nanowires of III-V semiconductors [276, 327]. In a typical procedure, a metal (e.g., In, Sn, Bi) with a low melting point was used as a catalyst, and the de-... 

M. Steinhart, S. Zimmermann, P. Goring, A.K Schaper, U. Gosele, C. Weder, J.H. Wendorff, Liquid crystalline nanowires in porous alumina geometric confinement versus influence of pore walls. Nano Lett. 5, 429-434 (2005)... 

Figure 1.14 Design scheme for a flexible LED structure consisting of vertically oriented single crystalline nanowires grown electrochemically on a polymeric ITO-coated substrate. The top contact consists of p-type polymer (PEDOTiPSS) and an evaporated Au layer. Light Is emitted through the transparent polymer [140]. Reproduced by kind permission from the publisher.

The laser ablation process has been demonstrated so far only for Si and Ge nanowires [74], but it is clear that it is a new generic tool for growing crystalline nanowires. Thus, it should be possible to make nanowires or nanowhiskers of SiC, GaAs, Bi2Te3 and BN in this way and perhaps, in the presence of atomic hydrogen, even diamond nanowires [74]. 

Electron transport through single crystalline nanowire photoanodes is considerably faster than in their nanoparticle-based counterparts, to the point that it can match hole transport through the small molecule spiro-MeOTAD at short-circuit. For this reason, devices... 

Fig. 9 Schematic of the lithiation mechanism of a crystalline Sn02 nanowiie, featuring the initial lithium-ion long-range diffusion mediated by dislocation activities inside the pristine lattice, followed by solid-state amorphization of the crystalline nanowire, nucleation of Sn particles, and finally the alloying of the Sn particles into Li Sn. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [94]. Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society...

HRTEM studies highlight that the smooth nanowires consist of a single-crystalline core sheathed with a few graphitic walls with an interlayer spacing of 0.33 nm [Fig. 13]. The lattice images from the crystalline nanowire cores match the structure of rhombohedral B6N. The shell layers can be designated to hexagonal BN (0002) planes based on chemical analysis (see below) and TEM studies. 

Of these block copolymers, 42a was first synthesized by McCullough and coworkers [102]. We synthesized block copolymer 42b having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains in each segment [155]. The thin films of 42c [157], 42e [158], and 42i [161] showed nanofiber structures after annealing, probably because of microphase separation of the crystalline P3HT segment and the other amorphous segment. The block copolymer 42d is a crystalline-crystalline diblock copolymer, self-assembled into crystalline nanowires in solution. In melt-phase assembly, a microphase-separated lamellar structure with two crystalline domains characteristic... 

Sarker BK, Liu J, Zhai L, Khondaker SI (2011) Fabrication of organic field effect transistor by directly grown poly(3 hexylthiophene) crystalline nanowires on carbm nanotube aligned array electrode. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 3 1180-1185... 

Shi, L., Pei, C. J., Xu, Y. M., Li, Q. (2011). Template-directed synthesis of ordered single-crystalline nanowires arrays of Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu2ZnSnSe4. Journal of the American... 

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