Vieille, Paul

Vieille Paul (1854-1934) Fr. chem., first to measure the heat of explosion under oxygen pressure, inventor of calorimetric bomb... 

The chronology of the most remarkable contributions to combustion in the early stages of its development is as follows. In 1815, Sir Humphry Davy developed the miner s safety lamp. In 1826, Michael Faraday gave a series of lectures and wrote The Chemical History of Candle. In 1855, Robert Bunsen developed his premixed gas burner and measured flame temperatures and flame speed. Francois-Ernest Mallard and Emile Le Chatelier studied flame propagation and proposed the first flame structure theory in 1883. At the same time, the first evidence of detonation was discovered in 1879-1881 by Marcellin Berthelot and Paul Vieille this was immediately confirmed in 1881 by Mallard and Le Chatelier. In 1899-1905, David Chapman and Emile Jouguet developed the theory of deflagration and detonation and calculated the speed of detonation. In 1900, Paul Vieille provided the physical explanation of detonation... 

The -first serious experimental investigation of phenomenon of erosion was done ca 1884 by Dr Paul Vieille of France (1854— 1934), the inventor of Poudre B, described in Vol 2 of Encycl, p Bll [See also Davis (Ref 26, p 294) and Perez Ara (Ref 31, P 430)3. Vieille also discovered (Ref 1, p 195 St Ref 26, p 387) that the gases from the explns of NGu (Nitroguaniditie) were much less erosive than chose from other expls of comparable force, and considered this fact to be in harmony with his general conclusion chat the hotter expls are the more erosive. In his experiments the explns were made to take place in a steel bomb, 17.8cc capacity, equipped with a crusher gauge and with removable perforated, steel plug thru the perforation in which the hot gases from the expln were allowed to escape. They swept away, or eroded off, a certain amt of the metal. 

Vieille Test. See under VieiUe, Paul above... 

A smokeless NC propellant (poudre sans fumee) developed ca 1884 by Paul Vieille and named after the first letter of Boulanger, who was General and Minister of War at that time. 

Figure 72. Paul Vieille (1854-1934). Inventor of poudre B, the first progressive-burning smokeless powder, 1884. Author of classic researches on erosion. Secretary and later, as successor to Berthelot, President of the French Powder and Explosives Commission.

There has been a discussion of some aspects of the history of thermochemistry, considered as a precursor of the development of chemical thermodynamics.109 There is also a study of C. M. Guldberg (1836-1902) and P. Waage s (1833-1900) attempts to formulate an equation for the temperature dependence of the rates of chemical reactions.110 In 1878, Paul Vieille (1854-1934), who did important work in thermochemistry, invented the calorimetric bomb. In 1884, Vieille suggested that this instrument could be used to determine, in a novel and accurate manner, the heats of combustion of carbon and organic compounds.111... 

Paul Vieille s departure from the regular Laboratoire Central des Poudres (LCP) facilitated a reconciliation between the rival parties, and a recognition of the LCP... 

Mauskopf, Seymour H. The Experimental Study of Munitions Scientific and Military Traditions , in Actes des Troisi me Joumees Scientifique Paul Vieille Instrumentation, Experimentation et Expertise des Materieux inergetiques (Poudres, Explosives et Pyrotechnic) du XVIe Siecle d Nos Jours (Paris Centre de Recherche en Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques, Association des Amis du Patrimoine Poudrier et Pyrotechnique, 2002), 11-28... 

Gunpowder rendered obsolete by invention by Paul Vieille (Erance) of a smokeless propellant called Poudre B. 

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