Crude Assay Analytical Methods

Several references have suggested the need for alternative crude oil evaluation methods. These alternative methods (both analytical and mathematical) should allow keeping the assay information updated under a reasonable cost. 

Any transformation that could be affected for such curves so that they would yield linear graphs would have manifest advantages, because it would afford a sound mathematical basis for computation, which is a desirable consideration for any analytical method. In any type of microbiological assay of vitamin Bu the results should be plotted to test whether a dose-response, a log dose-response, or a log dose-log response curve is sufficiently linear to make possible the use of statistical methods. In the assay of vitamin B12 activity in crude materials, however, the most pertinent problem at present is to relate this activity to certain defined substances rather than to obtain the highest accuracy in measuring the Bu activity. 

Standard analytical procedures were used to evaluate the composition of ingredients. Of the proximate analyses, nitrogen, lipids, and crude fiber were measured by American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS) methods (12) and moisture and ash by Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) methods (13). Amino acid analyses were performed by gas-liquid chromatography (14) except for tryptophan, which was analyzed colormetrically Tl5). In addition to these assays, certain tests of ingredient safety or spoilage were also performed, which space does not permit to be reported in this paper, to assure that ingredients met accepted standards for food safety (16). 

A ricin detection method has been developed that couples LC-MS/MS with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The analyte target for MS detection is adenine, which is released from ricin during the assay. Adenine detection limits were achieved at 0.1 ng/mL or 1.56 pM in a 500-pL sample volume with this method. This LC-MS method may be chosen over other techniques because milk and drinking water are the intended real-world application for this protocol [77]. Another MS/MS technique detects tryptic peptide fragments from ricin produced by an immunoassay technique. This technique utilizes the inherent speed of MS analysis to confirm peptide identity. This technique is applied to the detection of ricin in food and body fluids such as blood serum and saliva [78]. A similar LC-MS/MS method uses an organic solvent-assisted tryptic digest to prepare samples of crude ricin extracts. This sample preparation... 

Joint Committee of the Pharmaceutical Society and the Society for Analytical Chemistry on Methods of Assay of Crude Drugs Report of the Capsicum Panel, Analyst, 1959, 84, 603. 

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