Crossreaction

Dunlap, J. C., Hastings, J. W., and Shimomura, O. (1980). Crossreactivity between the light-emitting systems of distantly related organisms Novel type of light-emitting compound. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77 1394-1397. 

Haneda, Y., Johnson, F. H., and Sie, E. H.-C. (1958). Luciferin and luciferase extracts of a fish, Apogon marginatus, and their luminescent crossreactions with those of a crustacean, Cypridina hilgendorfii. Biol. Bull. 115 336. 

Schneider CH, Kasper MF, de Week AL, Rolh H, Angst BD Diagnosis of antibody-mediated drug allergy. Pyrazohnone and pyrazohdinedione crossreactivity relationships. Allergy 1987 42 597-603. 

Angiotensin receptor blockers show similar tolerability to ACE inhibitors with regard to hypotension and hyperkalemia, but they do not induce cough since ARBs do not cause an accumulation of bradykinin. Angiotensin receptor blockers can be considered in patients with ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema, but they should be initiated cautiously, as crossreactivity has been reported. Many of the other considerations for the use of ARBs are similar to those of ACE inhibitors,... 

Verify the patient s allergy history and the type of reaction experienced. Attempt to discern between true allergy and adverse event. (3-Lactam-allergic patients may receive clindamycin, vancomycin, or other antimicrobials. Crossreactivity between penicillin allergy and cephalosporins is low but cephalosporins should be avoided in patients with a history of anaphylaxis to penicillins. 

Becker, C. G., Van Hamont, N., Wagner, M., Tobacco, cocoa, coffee and ragweed Crossreacting allergens that activate factor-XII-dependent pathways, Blood, 58, 861, 1981. (CA96 33194b)... 

The limitations of ELISA methods include the specificity of antibodies, the concentrations of primary antibody and antigen, and the type of reaction solution. Nonspecific binding of either of the antibodies to related antigens, unrelated proteins of other bacteria, or even the microtiter plate may lead to false positive reactions.49,52 57 Use of a monoclonal antibody may decrease crossreactivity with other antigens. For detection of low numbers of bacteria, as in drinking water, the sample may be filtered to concentrate the cells or cultured in a selective broth until it reaches the minimum detection limit for ELISA.49,58 Commercial test kits using dipsticks, immunoblots, and sandwich ELISA methods have been developed for the identification of pathogenic bacteria.58,59... 

El-Kasmi, K. C., Deroo, S., Theisen, D. M., Brons, N. H. C. and Muller, C. P. (1999), Crossreactivity of mimotopes and peptide homologues of a sequential epitope with a monoclonal antibody does not predict crossreactive immunogenicity , Vaccine, 18, 284-290. 

It was determined that the minimal peptide sequence required to stimulate pheromone biosynthesis was the C-terminal 5 amino acids, FXPRLamide, and that the carboxy terminus needs to be amidated [148,149]. This sequence was also established as the minimal sequence required for myotropic activity in cockroaches [ 150] and induction of embryonic diapause in B. mori [ 151 ]. Crossreactivity of peptides containing the FXPRLamide motif was also established for myotropic, diapause induction, and pheromone biosynthesis [152-154]. Therefore, the common C-terminal FXPRLamide defines this family of peptides. A partial listing of peptides identified to date is shown in Table 1. 

H., Gottesman, M. M., Pastan, I., Willingham, M. C., Immunohisto-chemical localization in normal tissues of different epitopes in the multidrug transport protein PI70 evidence for localization in brain capillaries and crossreactivity of one antibody with a muscle protein, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 1989, 37, 159-164. 

Santa Cruz Biotech 1/1000 crossreacts with nuclear S6 kinase use at 1/1000. 

ARBs appear to have the lowest incidence of side effects compared with other antihypertensive agents. Because they do not affect bradykinin, they do not cause a dry cough like ACE inhibitors. Like ACE inhibitors, they may cause renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia, and orthostatic hypotension. Angioedema is less likely to occur than with ACE inhibitors, but crossreactivity has been reported. ARBs should not be used in pregnancy. 

Pankey et al.21 described a rapid, reliable, and specific enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT ) for amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, and desipramine in sera. To overcome crossreactivity, solid phase extraction was included in sample pretreatment. Disposable 1 mL columns packed with covalently labeled silica gel were conditioned with HPLC-grade methanol (1 mL) and then with de-ionized or distilled water (1 mL). Serum (calibrator, control, or patient sample, 500 L) was applied onto the column, eluted to waste, washed with 900 /uL of wash solution containing acetonitrile (236.1 g/L) and ion-pairing reagent in acetate buffer, pH 4.2, washed with 500 fiL of mobile phase solution containing acetonitrile (393.5 g/L) in methanolic phosphate buffer, pH 7.0,... 

Fig. 2. (Continued). (C) Control protein tissue prints with antibody omitted. (D) Tissue-prints incubated with Phaseolus vulgaris IAA peptide antibody. Crossreaction visualized by chemiluminescence. Arrows indicate strong localization of the IAA-peptide in seeds.

The S6 document also mentions monoclonal antibody products. Indeed, many of the considerations for rDNA products are also applicable to monoclonal antibodies (including hybridized antibodies). With monoclonal antibodies, there is the additional concern of crossreactivity with nontarget molecules. 

We were also curious to extend the Marcus relation a bit further to see if we could somehow eliminate the need to calculate two very expensive ion-molecule clusters for each crossreaction required to obtain AE. As Professor Brauman pointed out, the energy difference between the transition state and the separated reactants can be used as a measure of the overall efficiency of the reaction for structurally similar reactions. 

Panallergens are proteins present in plant pollens, fruit, and vegetables. They cause symptoms of a crossreactivity (i.e., simultaneous hypersensitivity to food, or to inhaled or contact allergens) in the same person. 

Cells exist in an electrically charged environment. To prevent antibodies from binding as a result of excess charges on the tissue surface, a proteinaceous solution is used to bind to these sites in advance of the antibody incubations. A 10% normal animal serum from the same species as that providing the secondary or detecting system antibody in PBS is used. The use of other species semm may cause the antibodies to adhere nonspecifically or crossreact. The... 

The specificity of fluorescence localization is dependent on the specificity of the primary antibody, a property that must be tested and controlled by other methods, such as immunoprecipitation or immunoblotting. Controls for the labeling procedure described include deletion of the primary antibody step, which controls for the second-step reagent, or inclnsion of a similar, but nonreactive antibody as a first step. In the case of the availability of purified primary antigen, competition controls can be used, but they only control for the reactivity of the antibody with one antigen, and do not mle ont the possibility of a crossreactive, but unrelated antigen. 

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