Crop protection curative control

A series of novel 4-phenoxyquinolines has been developed which show potent control of fungicide-sensitive and resistant strains of powdery mildew in grape and cereal crops. Protective, curative, and systemic activity has been observed for these materials, which also control other fungi. Strong activity in field studies has been noted and no crossresistance was encountered when fungicide-resistant strains of mildew were treated with these compounds, thereby suggesting a novel mode of action. The discovery, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of this novel class of fungicides are presented, as well as some data from field and cross-resistance studies. 

Other important members of the azolyl-0,N-acetal family that have been marketed thus far are bitertanol (Baycor, Sibutol) and the imidazole derivative climbazole (Baypival). Bitertanol is not systemic, but penetrates plant tissue and thus possesses curative and eradicative properties combined with protective activity. It is used for control of foliar diseases of various crops such as tree fruit, peanuts and bananas. 

The newest active substance developed by the Rhone-Poulenc (Horriere, 1977) is ethyl hydrogen phosphonate aluminium-salt (39). Its common name is fosetyl. This fungicide is truly systemic with protectant and curative properties, primarily active against Phycomycetes fungi (Bertrand et al., 1977 Williams et al., 1977). It has been widely tested on temperate and tropical crops (Beach, 1979) and has successfully controlled many important Phytophtkora spp and downy mildew. Mixtures with... 

Due to its high level and wide spectrum of activity, etaconazole is particularly suited for the control of powdery mildews and scab of deciduous fruit and Monilia spp. on cereals and peanut, while propiconazole shows superior activity against the foliar and ear diseases attacking cereal crops (Urech et al., 1979). Both fungicides are systemic and have curative and protective properties (Speich and Urech, 1980 Elmsheuser and Flemming, 1981 Henry and Sisler, 1981). 

It has both protective and curative properties and is acropetally transported, protecting the treated crop, including newly developed leaves, for 3-4 weeks. It exhibits strong fumigant activity. Fenpropimorph controls Erysiphe graminis and Puccina spp. on wheat, barley, oats and rye, and Rhizoctonia spp. on cotton (Goebel, 1983). 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) Apache BAS-3170 BAS 3170F Benefit Benodanil Benzamide, 2-iodo-N-phenyl- Benzanilide, 2-iodo- BRN 2725018 Calirus 2-lodo-N-phenylbenzamide 2-lodobenzanilide 2-lodobenzoic add anilide NSC 100499. Systemic and contxt fungicide with protective and curative xtion. Used for control of rust disease in various crops. Colorless crystals mp = 137" soluble in H2O (0.002 g/100 ml), MezCO (40 g/100 ml), EtOAc (12 g/100 ml), EtOH (9.3 g/100 ml), CHCI3 (7.7 g/100 ml) LD50 (rat, gpg orl) > 6400 mg/kg, (rat der) > 2000 mg/kg LCsO (trout 96 hr.) = 6.4 mg/l non-toxic to bees. BASF... 

Kasugamycin has been developed as a specific and effective antibiotic to control rice blast since 1965. The antibiotic controls the disease when applied at 20 ppm in aqueous solution and shows both protective and curative activity [20]. Kasugamycin has been used to control rice blast on a large scale. In practice, the antibiotic is predominantly used as a dust at 0.3% of the active ingredient. In addition, seed treatment with 2% wettable powder of kasugamycin protects rice plants against blast for one month. The antibiotic exhibits a high crop safety no phytotoxicity has been observed. 

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