Fungicidal sensitivity

Hayashi, K., Schoonbeek, H.J., Stergiopoulos, I., and Zwiers, L.H. (2006) Impact of fungal drug transporters on fungicide sensitivity, multidrug resistance and virulence. Pest Management Science, 62, 195-207. 

A knowledge of the potential for genetic variation in fungicide sensitivity in pathogen populations is central to prediction of resistance. Potential variation may be revealed by several methods in the laboratory and field, including mutagenesis, recombination and selection experiments, and monitoring. Benefits and drawbacks of these methods are considered. 

Figure 2. Estimation of the effect of fungicide sensitivity on fitness in the presence of fungicide.

Figure 3. Relationship between fungicide sensitivity of a clone and stabilizing selection. Clones with ED s further from the optimum grow more slowly than those closer to it.

Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is a pesticide and fungicide. Sensitization can occur in farmers and in those working in chemical plants. 

Propineb is a dithiocarbamate compound, which is used as a fungicide. Sensitization was reported in an agricultural worker. 

A series of novel 4-phenoxyquinolines has been developed which show potent control of fungicide-sensitive and resistant strains of powdery mildew in grape and cereal crops. Protective, curative, and systemic activity has been observed for these materials, which also control other fungi. Strong activity in field studies has been noted and no crossresistance was encountered when fungicide-resistant strains of mildew were treated with these compounds, thereby suggesting a novel mode of action. The discovery, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of this novel class of fungicides are presented, as well as some data from field and cross-resistance studies. 

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