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Criticism ineffectiveness

It is critical to differentiate acute and chronic respiratory acidosis, as the acute form is often a medical emergency that requires intubation and mechanical ventilation, whereas the chronic form is typically a stable condition. The blood gases in Case Study 2 came from a patient with advanced emphysema who is a "C02 retainer" due to ineffective ventilation. Because this patient s disease is chronic, the elevated PaC02 developed very slowly and allowed for metabolic compensation. [Pg.423]

Critics have long complained about the ineffectiveness of medical liability law both as a means of reducing the risks of injuries and as a system of compensation for injuries. So far, none of these critiques has led policy makers to jettison our fault-based medical liability system and to replace it with some type of no-fault system as proposed by some scholars. Thus some form of medical liability is going to be a feature of the social and regulatory... [Pg.188]

Because, for each of the three cases, 20 precursors are analysed, a comparison between the results of all three cases is possible. From the results of the analysis it appears that in all three cases, most precursors were enabled by the ineffective judgement element on the tactical control level. In companies A and B, the judgement element on the operational control level is the ineffective control element enabling the second most frequent precursors, while for company C the judgement element contains the most precursors on the strategic control level and appears to be a critical element at each control level for all three companies. Moreover, relatively more ineffective control elements are present on the higher (tactical and strategic) control levels in company C (18), than in company A (12) and B (11). [Pg.129]

Second, it must be able to detect chronic as well as acute toxicities, especially as it is the former that is the more common cause of safety attrition in the clinics. It is critical that cells be exposed to toxicants for sufficient time to allow expression of the cytotoxicity [6, 11, 14—16]. Three days of incubation of cells was effective for more than 95% human hepatotoxic drugs, whereas a single day of incubation was frequently ineffective [4] or produced cytotoxicity at a much higher concentration [4, 11, 14]. [Pg.331]

In critically ill patients who have ventilatory failure from various causes (eg, severe bronchospasm, pneumonia, chronic obstructive airway disease), it may be necessary to control ventilation to provide adequate gas exchange and to prevent atelectasis. In the ICU, neuromuscular blocking drugs are frequently administered to reduce chest wall resistance (ie, improve thoracic compliance) and ineffective spontaneous ventilation in intubated patients. [Pg.590]

The criticism appears to at least partially negate Peltzman s conclusion that the costs of the 1962 Amendments exceed their benefits — costs in Peltzman s study refer to "effective" drugs that do not reach the U.S. consumer and benefits refer to "ineffective" drugs kept off the U.S. market. Nevertheless, the speed at which drugs are granted market approval and the impact of FDA and its authority on drug innovation (the two parameters of the "drug lag") are still viable issues. [Pg.158]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.100 ]




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Ineffectiveness

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