Crime, definition

While a number of different classes of insurance cover relate to crime risks, the principal one which is sought by most businesses is known as theft or burglary insurance. The terms theft and burglary are defined in the Theft Act 1968, but while insurers use theft , the cover provided by this insurance is much narrower than the legal definition of that term in that it applies only in specified circumstances. 

Psychosocial and environmental factors play a major role in the development and recovery from opioid dependence however, a detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this chapter. In general, the use of such drugs as marijuana and alcohol precedes the use of opioids (Clayton and Voss 1981 Kandel and Faust 1975). Although one cannot predict definitively which users will proceed to opioid use, those who do generally have low self-esteem, disrupted families, and/or difficult relationships with their parents. The increased availability of opioids in inner cities of major urban centers contributes to initiation of use and relapse. It is particularly difficult to avoid use and relapse in areas with high unemployment, poor school systems, and high crime rates, because living in such an area may contribute to the very affects opioid use temporarily reheves. 

So Judge Hebert got back to the point that had been plaguing him for months — the novelty of the Crime Against Peace. He believed that this crime had rightly been drawn from the broad definitions in recent conventions and treaties and from years of condemnation of war. Precise statutes hadn t been on the books when the first murderer was found guilty and indeed, a great many murderers were convicted before the statutes and the individual case situations resulted in a fairly specific body of law on the sub-ject. 

Under federal law, silencers are treated in the same category as automatic weapons. Armor-piercing ammunition (popularly called cop-killer bullets) were banned in 1986, with an expanded definition of banned bullets in the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 that includes bullets made of tungsten, beryllium, depleted uranium, and other exotic materials. Other accessories can also cause a weapon to be banned (see Assault Weapons above). 

This principle is firmly entrenched in the Model Penal Code (MPC), a model statute drafted by the American Law Institute in 1962 to help states define crimes consistently across the country (5). Many states have adopted the MPC, in whole or in part, and it has helped unify criminal law in the United States. The MPC recognized the incongruence of criminalizing actions performed by someone who is asleep or unconscious and incorporated that recognition into its definition of a voluntary act. Section 2.01 of the MPC states A person is not guilty of an offense unless his liability is based on conduct that includes a voluntary act... 

In a reanalysis of these data, Raine et al. found that the reduction in frontal activation was much more pronounced in murderers whose crimes had an affective rather than predatory basis (Raine et al., 1998). Affectively motivated crimes are generally considered to have a more impulsive quality than predatory murders that are, by definition, planned. Davidson et al. (2000) have postulated that impulsive violence results from a breakdown in the brain s ability to regulate negative affect. Thus, affective crimes may provide a window into the brain mechanisms underlying impulsive aggression. 

The United States Department of Transportation classifications of explosive materials used in commercial blasting operations are not identical with the statutory definitions of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970, Title 18 U.S.C., Section 841. To achieve uniformity in transportation, the definitions of the United States Department of Transportation in Title 49 Transportation CFR, Parts I-999 subdivides these materials into ... 

The following sketch, drawn to scale, shows the correct layout. This sketch is the result of careful analysis of several American air photos,50 the description of Delousing Chamber I (the alleged site of the crime) as given by documents from the Auschwitz Archives, 1 and the book by Pressac52 which is considered to be the definitive scientific work of Auschwitz literature. 

Clearly, much depends on how we define A s "normal" course of action. A moralized definition - where the normal course is the action that A ought to have taken - is clearly inadequate in some cases. It would, for instance, prevent us from saying that the police justly coerce people into abstaining from crimes. In some cases the relevant baseline would seem to be what A usually does in other cases it may be what he would have done in B s absence (not from the universe, but from A s field of influence). And in some cases a moralized conception of the baseline may... 

It is almost mandatory that the timer be used in connection with some electrical device, either a regular home appliance or a device especially contrived. Since timers that encompass periods of twenty-four hours or less are definitely in the majority, their use may be justifiably suspected if such time relationships arc evident, and particularly if opportunity exists CO initiate a crime through the application of some electrical apparatus. This peculiar time element should not be adopted as a general rule-of-thumb how cvcr, because the longcr-tetm interval timers do exist and may be encountered. 

Throughout the pages of this encyclopedia, you will learn the definitions of chemical terms, literally from A to Z, and will read fascinating biographies of some of the leading chemists of the past and present. The volume also includes a set of essays by today s chemists on the role chemistry plays in our daily lives, ranging from how chemistry helps solve crimes to how it provides dyes for our latest fashions. 

The polymerase chain reaction can increase the amount of a desired DNA sample by a considerable factor, making possible definite identification of DNA samples that were too small to be characterized by other means. It can be used on hair and blood samples found at the scene of a crime to establish the presence of a suspect. This method can also be used to identify remains of possible murder victims. 

By legal definition, every homosexual act is a sex crime. The homosexual is thus subject to the penalties of so-called sexual psychopath laws, and may be sentenced to indeterminate incarceration in a mental institution or in a special facility for sex criminals. Although this penalty is visited only upon a very small proportion of homosexuals, this negates neither its moral import nor its practical significance. 

---