Creeping eruption

Cutaneous larva migrans (creeping eruption) Ancylostoma braziliense and others Thiabendazole, Albendazole, or Ivermectin-... 

Albanese G, Venturi C, Galbiati G. Treatment of larva migrans cutanea (creeping eruption) a comparison between albendazole and traditional therapy. Int J Dermatol 2001 40(1) 67-71. 

Thiabendazole has broad-.spectmm anthelmintic activity. It is used to (real enterobiasis, strongyloidiasis (threadworm infection), a.scariasis, uncinariasis (hookworm infection), and trichuriasis (whipworm infection). It has also been u.sed to relieve symptoms associated with cutaneous larva migrans (creeping eruption) and the inva.sive phase of trichinosis. In addition to its use in human medicine, thiabendazole is widely used in veterinary practice to control intestinal helminths in iive.stock. 

Creeping eruption or larva migrans in man is caused by the presence of the larvae of dog and cat hookworms, Ancylostoma caninum and A. braziliense in the skin. Some other nematodes like Uncimria stenocephala (European dog hookworm) and Gnathostoma spitiigerum also produce somewhat similar cutaneous lesions. The creeping eruption is prevalent in different regions of the warm climates, especially in the Americas, Africa and Asia. It is estimated that nearly 10 million people around the world suffer from this disease [24]. 

Creeping eruption Ancylostoma caninum, A. braziliensis, Gnathos-toma spinigerum Thiabendazole, mebendazole... 

CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANS (creeping eruption, dog and cat hookworm)... 

Thiabendazole, an anthelmintic (22 mg/kg t.i.d. after meals), is indicated for the treatment of strongyloidiasis (threadworm infection), cutaneous larva migrans (creeping eruption), and visceral larva migrans. 

As a single dose, albendazole is superior to mebendazole at removing adult hookworms from the GI tract. Oral albendazole is the drug of choice for treating cutaneous larva migrans or creeping eruption, due most often to skin migration by larvae of the dog hookworm. 

Creeping eruption caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis. Prichard RK, jVafwre, 228 684, 1970. 

Stromberg BE, Christie AD (1976) Creeping eruption and thiabendazole. Int J Dermatol 15 355-358 Vemura D, Ueda K, Hirata Y (1981) Further studies on palytoxin. 

Cutaneous larva migrans, or creeping eruption , is caused by the dog and cat hookworms, Ancyclostoma caninum and braziliensey respectively. The slightly raised serpiginous, pruritic burrow usually occurs on the ankles of recreational swimmers and children playing in sand with dog or cat feces contaminated with larvae. 

Fig. 2 shows the different pathways in which chemical elements contained in rocks are released to the different environmental compartments. Five main processes are responsible for their dispersion into the different ecosystems (1) Weathering, either directly by rain water on rock outcrops, by soil percolation water or by root exsu-dates, which interact with rock fragments, contained in the soil cover (2) Down hill mechanical transport of weathered rock particles, such as creep and erosion and subsequent sedimentation as till material or alluvial river and lake sediments (3) Transport in dissolved or low size colloidal form by surface and groundwater (4) Terrestrial and aquatic plants growing in undisturbed natural situations will take up whatever chemical elements they need and which are available in the surface and shallow groundwater. Trace elements taken up from the soil will accumulate in the leaves and will possibly enrich the soil by litterfall (5) Diffuse atmospheric input by aerosols and rain rock particles from volcanic eruptions, desertic areas (Chester et al., 1996), seaspray and their reaction with rain water. A considerable part of this can be anthropogenic. 

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