Course of fusion

Fig. 2. Dilatometric study of the course of fusion. Plot of extent of transformation, relative to initial degree of crystallinity, against temperature for three indicated molecular weight fractions of linear polyethylene. onset of melting from DSC t extrapolated endothermic peak temperature from DSC.

Experimental results random type copolymers 5.4.1 Course of fusion... 

Figure 5. A Time-courses of fusion of copoly(APr-NDDAM)-modified DC-Qiol/DOPE (1 I, mol/mol) liposomes with EYPC/PA (3 1, mol/mol) liposomes at 30 ( ), 50 (A), 55 ( ), and 60°C (T). B Fusion of copoly(APr-NDDAM)-modified ( ), poly(APr)-2C 2-modified (A), and unmodified ( ) DC-Chol/DOPE (1 1, mol/mol) liposomes with EYPC/PA (3 1, mol/mol) liposomes as a function of temperature. Ordinate AR) represents the inerease in R for the initial 3 min after addition of EYPC/PA liposomes. Polymer/lipid weight ratios of poly(APr)-2C 2-modified and copoly(APr-NDDAM)-modified liposomes were 0.78 and 0.65, respectively.

When the C/D ring fusion is cis, the 17a-hydroxy compound is the main product from NaBH4 reductions of l7-keto-13a-androst-5-en-3)9-oE or 14/ -H compounds. The absence of a 10-methyl also affects the course of the reaction when rings A and B are cw-fused. A 19-nor-5/ -H 3-ketone is reduced to the 3/ -isomer, as is a 10a-H-5a-H-19-nor-3-keto compound. ... 

The equation of Planck ( 93) for the dependence of the latent heat of a change of state on the temperature and pressure applies, of course, to fusion as well as evaporation ... 

Tammann has, by a large amount of experimental evidence, apparently refuted the hypothesis of a critical point of fusion— against which of course there is no a priori objection. In some cases (e.g., with ice) new crystalline modifications appear when the temperature and pressure are modified, and in all cases the pair of relations L = 0, Ar = 0 (cf. 89) were never simultaneously satisfied. 

An important point is that these advances have been complemented by the concomitant development of innovative pulse-characterisation procedures such that all the features of femtosecond optical pulses - their energy, shape, duration and phase - can be subject to quantitative in situ scrutiny during the course of experiments. Taken together, these resources enable femtosecond lasers to be applied to a whole range of ultrafast processes, from the various stages of plasma formation and nuclear fusion, through molecular fragmentation and collision processes to the crucial, individual events of photosynthesis. 

In fluoride glasses, calcium fluoride is an essential constituent, but generally cryolite, NajAlFg, is also added as a flux to lower the temperature of fusion. Aluminium orthophosphate is also generally added to the fusion mixture for various reasons. Of course, the various elements may be added in different ways. Thus, calcium orthophosphate, aluminium fluoride and sodium carbonate are often used in the preparation of fluoride glasses. 

It is pertinent to mention here that in the course of TGA many vital processes, for instance crystallization, crystalline transitions, pure fusion reactions, glass transitions, and solid-state reactions devoid of volatile components might not be indicated as they happen to cause little change in weight of the sample. TGA invariably describes with ample precision the stoichiometry related to chemical changes that are indicated during DTA by an endothermal or exothermal duration from the base-line. 

The reaction may be carried out successfully by the conventional fusion-technique. In the course of the s5mthesis of numerous aryl- and alkyl-biguanides by this procedure, the substituted guanidine rather than the biguanide was occasionally formed in a side reaction. In such cases the biguanide first formed may be cleaved partially by way of an intramolecular hydrogen-bonded form (602) (cf. section VI, B3). 

Edward Teller, one of the brilliant physicists who fied Hungary before the war and a key member of the Los Alamos team, had no doubts about the right course of action. He urged the US government to pursue the idea he had discussed with Fermi in 1942 a superbomb that liberated nuclear energy not by fission but by fusion. The fusion bomb creates, for a blinding instant, an artificial sun. 

Fused gene or gene pair analysis to estimate domain interaction Selection pressure promotes retention of gene fusion in ensuring protein domain interactions over the course of evolution. Symmetry and sequence clustering of gene sequences to detect fusion genes Functional associations of proteins [21,20]... 

Decomposition of the acid-soap complex in a sense includes the melting of the acid since the latter is removed from a solid matrix and transformed into a liquid in a process akin to formal melting. To evaluate the energy data it is, therefore, convenient to compute a heat of dissociation (or association) involving the solid fatty acid and the soap—i.e., the measured heats should be corrected for the heat of fusion of the fatty acid. Two courses are open for this purpose ... 

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