Management tools, cost-effective

More recently, as a result of significant developments in ink chemistry, UV curable inks for thermal inkjet print systems have been introduced to the market. Significant technical challenges have been overcome to manage chemical stability and materials compatibility in order to develop reliable UV curable inks for thermal inkjet technology. These latest developments further strengthen the proposition for inkjet as a reliable, accurate and cost effective deposition tool for the high speed deposition of fluids onto non-porous substrates. 

It is fair to say that advances in seismic surveys over the last decade have changed the way fields are developed and managed. From being a predominantly exploration focused tool, seismic has progressed to become one of the most cost effective methods for optimising field production. In many cases, seismic has allowed operators to extend the life of mature fields by several years. 

If a faciHty is large enough to support an in-house maintenance department, management of such a department has the responsibiHty to assure that its maintenance and operation s program is at all times cost effective. The greatest benefit of an in-house maintenance department must be its spirit of ownership. Workers should be trained to have pride of ownership, and must be given the tools to maintain this pride. 

Triazine herbicides provide cost-effective, broad-spectrum weed control and are key tools in conservation tillage. Although the chemical alternatives to the triazines are more costly and generally less efficacious, they are considerably more reliable as weed control methods and more compatible with current farming operations than available nonchemical weed control methods. Even as more com acreage shifts to herbicide-tolerant com, the need remains for residual herbicides such as the triazines to manage resistant weeds and to avoid the need for multiple tillage passes for weed control. 

The demand for healthcare increases relentlessly, therefore, it is essential that decision makers operate at both patient and population levels within an evidence-based framework. Evidence is needed for diagnostic tools, management options (including drug treatments), the introduction of healthcare models, and patients values regarding their health service. Scarce resources should not be spent on treatments which provide little benefit or which may even do harm. The relative effectiveness of treatments needs to be assessed where there is competition for limited resources. Valid and reliable information on the clinical and cost-effectiveness of different options is therefore needed. 

Formulary systems are an essential tool used in a variety of settings including hospitals, ambulatory clinics, health plans, pharmacy benefit management companies, and government agencies. This tool, if used correctly, promotes rational, clinically appropriate, safe, and cost-effective pharmaceutical care. 

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