Cortisone therapy

Willman, D., Rezulin Fast-Track Approval and a slow Withdrawal, Los Angeles, Times, Section Al, December 20, 2000. Fraser, C.G., Adrenal atrophy and irreversible shock associated with cortisone therapy, JAMA, 149, 1542-1543, 1952. 

It was found that eight of these isolated steroids were highly active physiologically, and cortisone became the first hormone to be available for therapeutic uses. The demand for cortisone therapy became enormous after the findings of Hench et al. that cortisone was effective in relieving symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis [24]. 

Roy-Camille R, Mazel C, Husson JL, Saillant G. Symptomatic spinal epidural hpomatosis induced by a long-term steroid treatment. Review of the literature and report of two additional cases. Spine 1991 16(12) 1365-71. Andress HJ, Schurmann M, Heuck A, Schmand J, Lob G. A rare case of osteoporotic spine fracture associated with epidural lipomatosis causing paraplegia following longterm cortisone therapy. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2000 120(7-8) 484-6. 

Hodgkinson DJ, Williams TJ. Endometrial carcinoma associated with azathioprine and cortisone therapy. A case report. Gynecol Oncol 1977 5(3) 308-12. 

In experiments on patients with breast cancer, it was found that up to a two-fold increase in serum /3-D-glucuronidase followed surgery, pregnancy, prolonged estrogen or cortisone therapy, etc.206 The /3-D-glucu-ronidase rise was usually accompanied by a fall in serum esterase, in both animal and human experiments. A rise in urinary ketosteroid excretion usually paralleled the changes, in man. 

Thrombocytosis is a (generally temporary) rise in the thrombocyte count. Thromboembolic complications may arise. This disorder occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma, for example, following splenectomy or portosystemic anastomosis as well as after haemorrhage or cortisone therapy. 

Andress HJ, Schurmann M, Heuck A, Schmand J, Lob G. A rare case of osteoporotic spine fracture associated with epidural lipomatosis causing paraplegia following longterm cortisone therapy. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2000 120(7-8) 484-6. 

The BSP retention test has been used in studies on the factors in recovery from infective hepatitis. Thus the normal ability to handle BSP returns more quickly with cortisone therapy (H24). Ability to remove BSP improves more rapidly on a high protein diet (C13). In infective hepatitis, a small percentage of patients relapse, with return of persistently abnormal biochemical values, but BSP retention values obtained early in convalescence are not helpful in predicting which of the patients will relapse (C13). 

Olansky S, Smith JG, Hansen-Pruss OCE. Fatal vaccinia associated with cortisone therapy. JAMA (1956) 162, 887-8. 

The failure both of the cortisone therapy - adopted either systematically or topically - and of the disinfestation suggested by other dermatologists after they diagnosed an acariasis, following the report of questionable clinical importance of mites in some samples of powder. 

Wright GW. Interpretation of results of ACTH and cortisone therapy in chronic beryllium poisoning data obtained by pretherapy and postherapy studies of pulmonary function. AMA Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med 1951 3(6) 617-621. 

Corticosteroids are the most efficacious treatment available for the long-term treatment of asthma, and inhaled corticosteroids are considered to be a first-line therapy for asthma (247). In the early 1950s, cortisone (31) and cortisol (29) were used to treat asthma. However, dmgs with fewer side effects and with... 

Cortisone acetate and hydrocortisone are usually the corticoids of choice for replacement therapy in patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency (such as Addison s disease), or after adrenalectomy where both glucocorticoid and mineralo-corticoid replacement is needed. In secondary adrenal insufficiency, associated with inadequate corticotrophin (ACTH) secretion, glucocorticoid replacement alone is usually adequate [62]. 

Thus, in patients with Addison s disease or other forms of adrenal insufficiency, continuing oral administration of cortisone acetate or fludrocortisone acetate enables salt balance to be restored. Other corticosteriods and analogues that have been used in the hormonal control of sodium levels include aldosterone and deoxycortone acetate. Individual corticosteroids vary in the extent to which they possess the various hormonal activities so that combination therapy is usually required if, for example, mineral balances are to be maintained when corticosteroids are administered for their anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic or anti-allergic properties. 

Cortisone acetate is rapidly effective when given orally, and more slowly by intramuscular injection. Cortisone acetate has been used in the treatment of many of the allergic and inflammatory disorders for which corticosteroid therapy is helpful but prednisolone or other synthetic glucocorticosteroids are generally preferred. 

Today, it is well known that the introduction of a chlorine or fluorine atom at the C-9 position of the natural adrenal substances cortisone and hydrocortisone (and of their dehydro-analogues) markedly enhances the anti-inflammatory activity of these agents, and is accompanied by a striking increase in both salt and water retention [14]. These undesirable side effects, which are manifested generally by 9-halo-steroids, preclude their use systemically in the management of disorders that are normally responsive to adrenocortical steroid therapy. 

POTASSIUM CORTICOSTEROIDS Risk of hypokalaemia Most corticosteroids (cortisone, prednisone) t loss of potassium Be aware and monitor serum potassium levels, particularly in patients on long-term therapy with steroids... 

Long-term systemic steroid therapy can also cause lOP elevations. Patients treated with systemic cortisone, 25 mg or its equivalent, for rheumatoid arthritis and other collagen vascular diseases showed significantly higher mean applanation pressures as compared with untreated individuals. A decreased fecility of outflow and changes in ocular rigidity in steroid-treated patients were also observed. 

Schmidt RH, Lenz T, Grone HJ, Geiger H, Scheuermann EH. Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome after tacrohmus rescue therapy for cortisone-resistant rejection. Nephrol Dial Transplant I999 14(4) 979-83. 

A -cortisol prednisolone, cortisone (ban. inn] (cortisone acetate [usan] Kendall s compound E Reichstein s Substance Fa Wintersteiner s compound F NSC 9703 Cortisyl ) is a natural adrenal cortical hormone, a CORTICOSTEROID, which is converted to hydrocortisone in the liver. It has both GLUCOCORTICOID and MINERALOCORTICOID activity. It can therefore be used orally to make up for hormonal deficiency (especially mineral balance), for instance, following surgical removal of the adrenal glands. It can also be used for its ANTIINFLAMMATORY and ANTIALLERGIC properties in treating rheumatoid arthritis and in rheumatic fever therapy, cortisone acetate cortisone. 

The patient was getting worse on drug therapy (blood thinners and cortisone), so it was elected to start her on H202 infused into the large arteries of the neck, the carotids. It was hoped that the oxygen released by the H202 would reach those tiny lifelines encased deep in bone and muscle—the vertebrals. 

Fia. 9. The urinary excretion of certain steroids in an infant with a deficiency of 21-hydroxylase. The filled-in columns indicate the steroid excretion while the infant was receiving therapy with cortisone and fluorocortisol. 21-OH-pregnenolone and pregnanetriol were identified by mass spectrometry. The unidentified compound reacts with blue tetrazolium and has a polarity similar to 21-OH-pregnenoIone. 

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