Cortex Frangulae

Due to the laxative properties of A., a number of drugs, such as Radix Rhei, Cortex Frangulae, Fructus and Folia Sermae are used pharmaceutically. A few A., such as carminic acid and alizarin, are still used to some extent as dyes. [J.Schripsema D.Dagnino Anthraquinones Elucidation of the substitution pattern of 9,10-Anthraquinones through chemical shifts of peri-hydroxyl protons Phytochemistry 42 (1996) 177-184]... 

Cape Aloe jB = Cortex Frangulae (7 = Cortex Rhamni Purshianae D = Rhizoma Rhei E = Folia Sennae. The spot colours quoted were obtained with the untreated chromatogram by inspection in UV light... 

Dyer s broom Rhamnus bark Genista tinctoria L. Rhamnus frangula (cortex) + ... 

CASCARA, Rhamni purshiani cortex Cascara bark is more widely used than Frangula as a laxative in the USA since the trees of Rhamnus purshianus DC, family Rhamnaceae, are cultivated in Northwestern USA and Canada. Cascara has also been known as Cascara Sagrada from the Spanish name for sacred bark. Like the closely related Frangula bark, fresh Cascara bark contains reduced emodin-based glycosides. In order to convert these to milder oxidised forms the bark must either be stored for 1 year or heat treated. 

The primary active ingredients of cascara sagrada include cascarosides A, B, C, and D, but barbaloin, chrysaloin, chryophanol, emodin, and aloe-emodin are also present (Tyler, 1994 Anonymous, 1996). The anthrone glucofrangulin is present in the cortex of the European species Rhamni frangula (De Witte, 1993). As with senna and aloe constituents, these anthrones produce an active secretion of water and electrolytes within the lumen of the small intestine. In addition, the anthrones inhibit absorption of water and electrolytes from the large intestine. This causes an increase in the volume of bowel contents, and strengthens the dilatation pressure in the intestine to stimulate peristalsis (Anonymous, 1996). 

Rhamni frangulae cortex Alder buckthorn bark Rhamnu.s frangula i.. Rhamnaceae DAB to, PhEur II,... 

B All anthraquinones of Frangulae and Oreoherzogiae cortex (1,2) show a bright orange-red fluorescence in UV -365 nm. 

U Frangulae cortex (1) one green fluorescent flavonoid glycoside (R, 0.2) and the zones of frangulin A/B with brown fluorescence. 

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