Sacred bark

Ca.sca.ra. Sagrada. Cascara sagrada, also known as sacred bark, chitten, dogwood, coffeeberry, bearberry, bitter bark, and bearwood, is the dried bark of Jdamnus Purshiana DeCandoUe. It is ia the form of browa, purpHsh browa, or brownish red flattened or transversely curved pieces, 1- to 5-mm thick, and has a characteristic odor and bitter taste. It should be collected at least one year prior to use. The active constituents are aloe-emodin... 

For the plant, another good way to stop consumption by an animal is to affect the animal s gastrointestinal system. This approach is used by a number of plants, but the mechanism of action varies. The first approach is direct irritation of the stomach lining to induce nausea and vomiting. The induction of mild vomiting is useful in some situations. The sacred bark of the California buckthorn produces cascara that is used to induce mild vomiting (a purgative). 

Gastrointestinal Direct stomach irritation -nausea, vomiting and diarrhea California buckthorn (sacred bark), tung nut, horse chestnut, pokeweed Emodin and esculine (toxins) oil from seeds, nuts some medical uses Children are most often affected... 

Cascara sagrada [sacred bark], cascara buckthorn)... 

Synonym Sacred Bark, Chittem Bark. Habitat California and British Columbia. 

CASCARA, Rhamni purshiani cortex Cascara bark is more widely used than Frangula as a laxative in the USA since the trees of Rhamnus purshianus DC, family Rhamnaceae, are cultivated in Northwestern USA and Canada. Cascara has also been known as Cascara Sagrada from the Spanish name for sacred bark. Like the closely related Frangula bark, fresh Cascara bark contains reduced emodin-based glycosides. In order to convert these to milder oxidised forms the bark must either be stored for 1 year or heat treated. 

Rhamnus purshiana (D.C.), synonymous with Frangula purshiana (D.C.) A. Gray ex J.C. Cooper buckthorn, chittem bark, sacred bark (Anonymous, 1996)... 

Ca.scara sagrada bark Sacred bark, cliitten bark Rhamnus purshianiis D.C. Rhamnaceae... 

OCN bearberry cascara chittem bark sacred bark Part bark... 

Common/vernacular names Cascara, cascara sagrada, chittem bark, sacred bark. 

Nandina domestica Thunb. Nan Tian Zhu (Sacred bamboo) (fruit, bark, leaf) Domesticine, nandinine, cyanic acid, nandazurine, berberine.49 This herb is toxic. Antitussive. 

Nelumbo nucifera, Nymphaea caerulea (Egyptian blue lotus), K ampla water lily) (Nymphaeaceae) [flower] -Egyptian blue lotus sacred, source of creation, depicted in social sexual scenes Odysseus (Ulysses) Land of the Lotus Eaters Pseudoxandra esclerocarpa (Annonaceae) [bark]... 

Helicostylis tomentosa H pedunculata Bark of this sacred tree may b e the source of the entheogen takini of Surinam, used by Karib and Arawak Indians (Reis Lipp 1982 Schultes Rafiauf 1990). Takini is the latex of H. tomentosa or H. pedunculata—fumes of latex of both trees were used with tobacco in shamanic initiation among coastal Arawak tribes of South America the Carina Indians of Guiana give newly-initiated tobacco shamans two small gourds of takini latex (Wilbert 1987). 

Spencer (1914) writes of Austtalian Aboriginal use Painting the surface with pigments, those used being pipe clay, red ochre of at least two kinds, yellow ochre, and charcoal qq.v.). This painting may take place on human bodies, on implements and weapons of various kinds, on sacred objects, and on rocks and bark. ... 

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