Corrosion technologists

MIC is believed to account for 20% of the damage caused by corrosion. On the basis of gross national product, annual MIC-related industrial loss in Australia, for instance, is estimated to be more than US 5 billion. Over the past half century, costs imposed by MIC have always been a matter of concern for corrosion technologists a 1954 estimate of MIC loss in buried pipelines, for instance, puts the figure at between US 0.5 and US 2.0 billion a year, a figure that can only have increased since then. ° It has been suggested thaC overall loss to the oil and gas industry could be over US 100 million per annum. 

For convenience in presentation, the algebraic sign of current is disregarded by taking its modulus. In contrast to corrosion technologists, it is an accepted convention amongst electrochemists that potential is the abcissa. 

There are extensive publications on many individual problems together with practical instmctions. However, it was difficult for the technologist in Germany to master the subject because no comprehensive up-to-date publication was available in German. The Subcommittee for Corrosion of DVGW instigated the publication of a handbook of cathodic protection, and a number of members offered their cooperation as authors of individual chapters. 

Information based on experience, which includes national standards, specifications and codes of practice, and also the technical and scientific literature reviews and reports. Corrosion engineers, technologists and scientists employed by specialist organisations or as consultants form the most important source of information, and their advice should be sought wherever possible. 

The thermodynamic phase stability diagrams appear to be preferred by corrosion scientists and technologists for the evaluation of gas-metal systems where the chemical composition of the gaseous phase consisting of a single gas or mixture of gases has a critical influence on the formation of surface reaction products which, in turn, may either stifle or accelerate the rate of corrosion. Also, they are used to analyse or predict the reason for the sequence of formation of the phases in a multi-layered surface reaction product on a metal or alloy. 

This does not, of course, mean that improvements should not be attempted. It is important, however, that corrosion scientists and technologists appreciate that significant hidden costs may arise when a novel solution is considered. A considerable effort is needed to ensure that the information needed by the design engineer is available when it is needed, and that all the parties concerned understand what is required. The documentation needed can be large, and requires an input from a number of disciplines even when it has been produced, much more effort from experienced staff is likely to be needed than if a standard solution were used. 

The improvement of existing materials as well as the development of new materials is often based on the use of a chemical reaction in which a solid reacts with another solid, a liquid or a gas to form a solid product (an intermetallic, a silicide, an oxide, a salt, etc) at the interface between initial substances. Therefore, kinetics of solid-state formation of chemical compound layers are of interest not only to chemists (researchers and technologists) but also to metal and solid-state physicists, materials scientists, metallurgists, specialists in the field of corrosion, protective coating, welding, soldering and microelectronics. 

This book covers a wide spectrum of corrosion topics with rich illustrations, an easy to understand writing style, and the presentation of review articles, providing state-of-the-art corrosion-mitigation techniques useful for practicing engineers, technologists, and field technicians. It also provides a basic understanding of corrosion mechanisms, which will be equally beneficial to people who are not directly involved in the corrosion field to assist them in their related tasks. Based on its content and presentation of scientific and technical issues, this... 

Astm s award-winning Manual 20 has been revised and updated to include current and state-of-the-art technologies in corrosion testing and standardization. The editors of this manual have many years of experience in this field and are well qualified in leading the task to provide state-of-the-art information on this subject for corrosion scientists and technologists throughout the world. The work of 80 highly qualified chapter authors and numerous reviewers has resulted in a revised, expanded, and updated Manual 20 on Corrosion Tests and Standards, Application and Inteipre-tation. 

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