Coproporphyrins

Copper(II), di-/Lt-bromobis[bromo(pyridine)-structure, 2, 108 Copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate biocidal activity mechanism, 1, 401 fungicide, 1, 399 Copper nitrotetrazole as propellants, 5, 837 Copper phthalocyanine, 1, 333-334 colour and constitution, 1, 345 Coproporphyrin, 4, 382 Coproporphyrin, dehydro-, 4, 382... 

P-2 mesoporphyrin, P-4 coproporphyrin, P-5 pentaporphyrin, P-6 hexaporphyrin, P-7 heptaporphyrin, P-8 uroporphyrin. 

Heme and its immediate precursor, protoporphyrin IX (Figure 32-4), are both type III porphyrins (ie, the methyl groups are asymmetrically distributed, as in type III coproporphyrin). However, they are sometimes identified as belonging to series IX, because they were designated ninth in a series of isomers posmlated by Hans Fischer, the pioneer worker in the field of porphyrin chemistry. 

Coproporphyrins were first isolated from feces, but they are also found in urine. 

Coproporphyrins and uroporphyrins are of chnical interest because they are excreted in increased amounts in... 

High levels of lead can affect heme metabohsm by combining with SH groups in enzymes such as fer-rochelatase and ALA dehydratase. This affects porphyrin metabolism. Elevated levels of protoporphyrin are found in red blood cells, and elevated levels of ALA and of coproporphyrin are found in urine. 

NS (general population) Hematological Increased urinary coproporphyrin 35 (children 40 (adults) EPA 1986a... 

An increase in urinary coproporphyrin has long been recognized in workers and children with lead poisoning and used as an indicator of excessive exposure to lead (EPA 1986a). EPA (1986a) identified a LOAEL for elevated coproporphyrin at a PbB level of 40 pg/dL for adults and 35 pg/dL for children, but did not present the basis for this conclusion. 

M (decreased erythrocyte ALAD activity increase urinary coproporphyrins)... 

W) ZPP/heme ratio increased urinary coproporphyrins PbAc... 

Hematological Effects. The effects of lead on the hematopoietic system have been well documented. These effects, which are seen in both humans and animals, include increased urinary porphyrins, coproporphyrins, ALA, EP, FEP, ZPP, and anemia. The process of heme biosynthesis is outlined in Figure 2-10. Lead interferes with heme biosynthesis by altering the activity of three enzymes ALAS,... 

Tomokuni K, Ichiba M, Hirai Y. 1988. Species difference of urinary excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid and coproporphyrin in mice and rats exposed in lead. Toxicol Lett 41 255-259. 

Dopamine mono-oxygenase Coproporphyrin decarboxylase Ethylene receptor Methane oxidase Terminal glycine oxidases CP-x type ATP-ase ATx-1 (Lys 7)... 

Like the palladium(II) complexes, the platinum(II) porphyrins show appreciable phosphorescence even in aqueous media at room temperature in one study,169 singlet oxygen quantum yields ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 and were strongly influenced by dimerization/aggregation. Platinum(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(/>-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin and platinum(II)coproporphyrin-I ((36) for Pd read Pt) have been studied as phosphorescent labels of antibodies for use in time-resolved microscopy.189... 

An early account194 describes an attempt to use 64Cu complexes of haematoporphyrin, protoporphyrin, uroporphyrin, and coproporphyrin to detect tumors preferential localization in tumors was not observed. It needs to be recognized that metalation can change solution... 

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