Coordinating plasticizers, interactions with

A variety of dimensionally stable solid electrolytes consisting of a mixture of organic plasticizers such as EC, PC etc., along with structurally stable polymers such as poly( acrylonitrile) (PAN) or poly( vinyl sulfone) (PVS), or polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and several lithium salts have been tested and found to have excellent ionic conductivities at ambient temperatures [155-156]. In these gel type electrolytes the primary role of the polymers PAN, PVS, PVP or PVC is to immobilize the lithium salt solvates of the organic plasticizer liquids. However, with polymers such as PAN a coordination interaction with Li+ is also quite likely. 

The case of interactions between salts and polymers was argued by a clear decreases of the T1 relaxation values of the polymer carbons as a result of the coordination of the ether polymer molecules with the alkali metal. The same behaviour was observed in the presence of plasticizers, indicating that the polymer ether molecules are still involved in the alkali metal coordination. 

Metallocompounds with variable coordination numbers and plastic coordination stereochemistries may not behave in this conventional way the energy-distance curves for any one bond could vary with the number and lengths of the other bonds. With this variability of the primary bonding, the residual, more weakly bonded interactions could be expected to be even more variable. Thus an open mind is required in developing parameters for weakly bonded interactions for metallocompounds. Further development of fundamental theory for long, weak interactions to metal atoms is required. 

When a polymer is in contact with an aqueous solution, it is more or less hydrated, i.e., solvent molecules are partitioned in the matrix. Dissolved water normally increases the equilibrium concentration of the salt in the polymer, which can be explained via an increase in the effective dielectric constant and specific ion solvent interaction within the first coordination shell. Furthermore the solvent acts as a plasticizer by increasing the mobility of ions (or neutral molecules, e.g., dissolved oxygen) in the polymer. 

If the processes in a supply chain are not coordinated, they impact multiple companies negatively. It may lead to activities being replicated, inconsistent flows, and erroneous decisions. It may take a great deal of effort to manage the cumbersome interactions between companies. For example, HP s supply chain for computer monitor comprised a contract manufacturer (Solectron), who bought the plastic case for the monitor from an injection molder, shown in Fig. 3.7 (Hammer 2001). The molding-material was purchased from a plastics compounder, who acquired the resin (for compounding) from a resin supplier. The supply chain was linear and hierarchical, with the resin supplier upstream, HP downstream, and the rest in-between. 

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