Convenience in operation

At the same time, a two electrode interferometer, which is convenient in operation, and which can be adjusted relatively easily with respect to a strictly collimated beam of hydrogen atoms, permits the study of many specific features of atomic interference. 

Practical aspects such as safety, reliability, or convenience in operation, ease of maintenance, facility for product removal and proprietary considerations may assume overriding importance. 

Various nanoparticle preparation methods, such as physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition," reactive precipitation, sol-gel,° microemulsion, sonochemical processing and supercritical chemical processing, have been developed and reported in the literature. Among these methods, reactive precipitation is of high industrial interest because of its convenience in operation, low cost and suitability for massive production. The conventional precipitation process is, however, often carried out in a stirred tank or column reactor, and moreover the quality of the product is difficult to control and the morphology and size distribution of the nanoparticles usually change from one batch to another during production. 

The program uses all the standard controls in Windows programs. In addition, the use of an extensive number of shortcuts and function keys makes it possible to control the system without the use of a mouse, which is convenient for operating the system in the field. 

The shunt capacitors can be provided on the LT or the HT side, whichever is more convenient. In the above case, since it is large, the HT side of the load-end transformer will be more convenient. The receiving-end transformer, however, will now be operating under more stringent conditions that must be taken in account or the capacitors may be provided on the LT side to relieve this transformer also from excessive currents. In Figure 23.18(b) we have considered them on the LT side. 

Here is the position operator of atom j, or, if the correlation function is calculated classically as in an MD simulation, is a position vector N is the number of scatterers (i.e., H atoms) and the angular brackets denote an ensemble average. Note that in Eq. (3) we left out a factor equal to the square of the scattering length. This is convenient in the case of a single dominant scatterer because it gives 7(Q, 0) = 1 and 6 u,c(Q, CO) normalized to unity. 

The desirable operating characteristics of equipment include simplicity, convenience and low cost of maintenance simplicity, convenience and low cost of assembly and disassembly convenience in replacing worn or damaged components ability to control during operation and test before permanent installation continuous operation and steady-state processing of materials without excessive noise, vibration or upset conditions a minimum of personnel for its operation and, finally, safe operation. Low maintenance often... 

The standard modern instrument however is the electronic balance, which provides convenience in weighing coupled with much greater freedom from mechanical failure, and greatly reduced sensitivity to vibration. The operations of selecting and removing weights, smooth release of balance beam and pan... 

Fuzzy logic is often referred to as a way of "reasoning with uncertainty." It provides a well-defined mechanism to deal with uncertain and incompletely defined data, so that one can make precise deductions from imprecise data. The incorporation of fuzzy ideas into expert systems allows the development of software that can reason in roughly the same way that people think when confronted with information that is ragged around the edges. Fuzzy logic is also convenient in that it can operate on not just imprecise data, but inaccurate data, or data about which we have doubts. It does not require that some underlying mathematical model be constructed before we start to assess the data. 

Similarly, hydrolysis of tertiary amides of carboxylic acids is usually slow under conventional conditions. Hydrolysis of a morpholide occurred in only 48% yield with 2M HC1 at reflux after 4h, yet proceeded in 70% yield after only 10 min at 200 °C in the MBR (Scheme 2.2) [26]. The convenience of operation and the rapid throughput enabled preparation of multiple batches of the corresponding acid in a few hours. 

Although the self-assembly process is easy and convenient to operate, success in obtaining the expected object is still a challenge for chemists. The aims of this article are to summarize the coordination chemistry of amino acids, to review our recent work on 3d-4f heterometallic clusters bearing amino acid ligands, and to expound the effects of several factors of influence on self-assembly, such as presence of a secondary ligand, lanthanides, crystallization conditions, the ratio of Cu2+ to amino acids, and transition metal ions. We hope that our systematic researches on the 3d-4f amino acid clusters can provide a useful framework of reference for the study of other self-assembly systems. 

The fundamental equivalence between Schrodinger s wave-mechanical and Heisenberg s matrix-mechanical representation of quantum theory implies that H (or Hm>) may be viewed as a differential operator or a matrix. The latter viewpoint is usually more convenient in the... 

All drains in a toxic laboratory with exception of those from the toilets should lead to a toxic sump. The toxic sump should be fitted with the wherewithal to permit addition of reagents, agitation, and sampling, as well as adequate indicators and alarms to highlight malfunctions. Valving should be convenient to operate and the system should feature parallel tanks so one batch can be treated while the lab continues to discharge to the other tank. Provision should be provided to pump out contents when untreatable. 

A collaboration abstracts multiple participants. Pinning an operation on a single object is convenient in programming terms, particularly for distributed systems. But in real life— and at higher levels of design—it is important to consider all the participants in an opera-... 

Commercially available Modem KF-Titrators are usually equipped with specifically designed titration vessels that are exclusively meant to check and prevent the contact with atmospheric moisture. Quite a few such devices are armed with microprocessors that will perform the requisite operations sequentially in a programmed manner automatically and may also dish out a print-out of the desired results including the percentage moisture content. In fact, these Modem KF-Titrators not only afford greater accuracy and precision in results but also offer much ease and convenience in routine analysis as compared to the classical techniques based on either caulometry or controlled current potentiometiy using two indicator electrodes. 

The value of /jim is determined by the discontinuity in the dependence of cell current on applied cell voltage which occurs when the interfacial concentration approaches zero. The polarisation parameter is convenient in the design and scale-up of electrodialysis equipment. It can be easily measured in small-scale stacks at a given value of bulk concentration and then used to predict limiting current densities in larger stacks at other concentrations. Most stacks use operating values of the polarisation parameter that are 50-70 per cent of the limiting values. 

The specific energy from Eq. 10.13 is reported in J/g for convenience in analyzing the process. If a change in a process causes the specific energy to increase by 50 J/g, the troubleshooter can translate this to an adiabatic temperature increase of 20 °C because many unfilled resins have heat capacities near 2.5 J/(g °C). This temperature change calculation, however, is an approximation because extruders typically do not operate adiabatically. 

The simple single-tube STM is preferentially operated in air. With an air bag, it can be operated in controlled ambient conditions. It is also convenient to operate in liquid. A refined version of this STM has become a commercial product. Nanoscope, which is probably the most popular STM in the open market. 

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