Continuous flow sampling

R. M. Caprioli, T. Fan, and J. S. Cottrell. Continuous-Flow Sample Probe for Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 58(1986) 2949-2954. 

Newer techniques for measuring the refractive index allow for instantaneous, real-time measurement in process streams, or alternatively, a special continuous-flow sample well can be installed on bench top instruments. Small, pocket-sized refractometers also make held measurement very simple and reliable. Fiber optic sensors find uses in biomedical applications. 

Caprioli, R. M. Fan, T. Cottrell, J. S. A continuous-flow sample probe for fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 2949-2954. 

Schaub,T. M., Linden, H. B., Hendrickson, C. L., and Marshall, A. G. (2004). Continuous flow sample introduction for field desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 18,1641-1644. 

C.C. Painton, H.A. Mottola, Kinetics in continuous flow sample processing. Chemical contributions to dispersion in flow injection techniques, Anal. Chim. Acta 158 (1984) 67. 

Continuous-flow sampling instruments. In continuous-flow sampling, the samples flow sequentially and continuously in a mbe, perhaps being separated by air bubbles. They are each sequentially mixed with reagents in the same tube at the same point downstream and then flow sequentially into a detector. 

Distinguish between discrete and continuous-flow sampling automatic instruments. 

Discrete and Continuous-Flow Sampling. In the clinical laboratory, the terms discrete and continuous flow are applied somewhat differently than in process control. In discrete sampling, each sample undergoes a reaction measured in a cuvette not shared... 

Li, M. W., et al.. Design and characterization of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based valves for interfacing continuous-flow sampling to microchip electrophoresis. Anal. Chem., 78, 1042, 2006. 

Schaub, T.M. Linden, H.B. Hendrickson, C.L. Marshall, A.G. Continuous-Flow Sample Introduction for Field De-sorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2004, 18,1641-1644. 

Arce, L., M. T. Tena, A. Rios, and M. Valcarcel. 1998b. Determination of trans-resve-ratrol and other polyphenols in wines by a continuous flow sample clean-up system followed by capillary electrophoresis separation. Anal. Chim. Acta 359 27-38. 

Isotope ratio monitoring techniques using continuous flow sample introduction via GC had been introduced in the 1970s and developed into a mature analytical technology very quickly. Already in 1976, the first approach hyphenating a capillary GC with a magnetic sector MS for the systematic measurement of isotope ratios was published (Sano et al., 1976). The continuous flow determination of individual compound ratios was introduced by Matthews... 

Arunachalam,., Mohl, C., Ostapczuk, P., and Emons, H. (1995). ICP-MS evaluation of continuous-flow sample preparation for the determination of lead in environmental samples. Multielement characterization of soil samples with ICP-MS for environmental studies. J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 100(3), 316. 

---