Continuous-flow microreactor synthesis

Greenway, G. M., Haswell, S. J., Morgan, D. O., Skelton, V, Styeing, P., The use of a novel microreactor for high troughput continuous flow organic synthesis. Sens. Actuators B Chemical 63, 3 (2000) 153-158. 

Comer, E. and Organ, M.G. (2005). A Microreactor for Microwave-Assisted Capillary (Continuous Flow) Organic Synthesis. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 8160-8167. 

Binary copper-based catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation method and some components were added as promoters into the binary catalysts. The methanol synthesis reaction was carried out in a continuous flow microreactor operated at 22 atm and at various temperatures. Reaction pathway of the methanol synthesis was investigated through FT-IR spectroscopy. For the catalyst with a copper content over 15wt%, the diffuse reflectance method (DRIFT) was applied, but for fee catalyst wife a copper content of 7wt%, the transmission teclmique was used. For more information about intermediates, TPD of adsorbed methanol was carried out and the products were analyzed using mass spectrometer. 

The use of microreactor technology for polymer chemistry presents an interesting alternative to conventional processing methods, in both batch and macroscale continuous flow. Microreactors offer a better process control of many exothermic polymerization processes, leading to increased product quality such as narrower polydispersity, and they allow for the synthesis of novel polymeric materials for a range of new applications. 

In conclusion, continuous flow polymer synthesis will be an indispensable technology for laboratory research and production in industry. Various methods for polymer synthesis by virtue of the characteristic features of flow microreactors will be developed, and they will work together to help meet the demanding expectations of polymer chemistry in the future. 

Wilms D, Nieberle J, Klos J et al (2007) Synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerol in a continuous flow microreactor. Chem Eng Technol 30 1519-1524... 

Palde, P.B. and Jamison, T.F. (2011) Safe and efficient tetrazole synthesis in a continuous-flow microreactor. Angew. Chem. Int Ed., 50 (15), 3525-3528. 

The use of a novel microreactor for high throughput continuous flow organic synthesis. Sens, Acuators B 2000, 63, 153-158. 

The synthesis requires TBHP as the oxidant at high temperatures thus, combination of the oxidant with ether would result in obvious safety concerns. The group overcame this issue by successfully translating to a continuous-flow/microreactor protocol, thereby representing the first application of continuous-flow processing to C—H activation chemistry (Scheme 7.26). 

Scheme 10.4 Synthesis of the dipeptides (7) and (9) in a continuous flow microreactor. 2-ClZ = 2-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl.

Scheme 10.5 Synthesis of the 3-tetrapeptide in a continuous flow microreactor.

The work presented here is based on the development at University of Regensburg by Ulbrich et td. [55]. It utilizes the novel process windows offered by continuous-flow microreactor technology [56]. A conventional industrial batch synthesis of the product 4-hydroxycyclopentanone, which is an important intermediate for pharmaceutical building blocks, was described previously [57]. In a recent publication, Nettekoven et al. [58] described an investigation of a synthetic route for five-membered ring structures used as pharmaceutical synthetic building blocks based on furfuryl alcohol... 

Synthesis of Nanomaterials Using Continuous-Flow Microreactors... 

Synthesis of Nanomaterials Using Continuous-Flow Microreactors (a) PFPE Reactants/ODE (b)... 

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