Construction, modified design

Ericson, S.-O. and H. Schmied, Modified Design in New Construction Prevents Infiltration of Soil Gas Carrying Radon, this volume (1987). 

Modified Design in New Construction Prevents Infiltration of Soil Gas That Carries Radon... 

The molecular ions of 54 for butadiene and 104 for styrene are shown to increase in intensity as the pyrolysis of the styrene butadiene copolymer takes place. The value of the ease of interface construction and design simplicity is modified to some extent by the high observed background. This background proved to be consistent in behavior and a method for dealing with it has been shown. 

An item/spare with a modified design has been brought, and it is to be tried out immediately (perhaps it is cheaper or has a different material of construction, or another vendor is to be given a chance). 

Construction and equipment meet the design specifications. Obtaining field verification or performing document review for the new or modified process can validate design specifications for construction and equipment. If a change is not physical (such as a setpoint for an interlock shutdown), the method for the change and its anticipated effects should be reviewed. 

CANDU-9 is the next generation of CANDUs. It is a larger version of the CANDU producing 870 MWe, the CANDU-9 to complement the mid-size CANDU-6 with updated proven technology, a modified CANDU-6 station layout, improved construction methods and operational features. Standardization, a feature of CANDU reactors, is emphasized in CANDU-9 in the key components (steam generators, coolant pumps, pressure tubes, etc.) being the same design as those proven in service at CANDU power stations. 

DBAs which are UL listed/classified or FM approved are contained in a published list. In addition to passing the basic approved/testing protocols, FM approved or UL listed/classifled devices will have follow-np inspec-tions/reviews to ascertain that the tested design has not been modified, and that the devices are constructed according to the original design. USCG approved devices are not listed and have no follow-np service. 

Attempting to modify structure or services to accommodate structural idiosyncrasies later is always problematic. Protection and isolation of existing facilities from the disruption of construction should be resolved early in the design. The reconciliation of building and production activities is never easy, but early planning for construction traffic, personnel, site screening, security, site access and site communications can minimize these adverse effects. 

Reference electrodes for non-aqueous solvents are always troublesome because the necessary salt bridge may add considerable errors by undefined junction potentials. Leakage of components of the reference compartment, water in particular, into the working electrode compartment is a further problem. Whenever electrochemical cells of very small dimensions have to be designed, the construction of a suitable reference electrode system may be very difficult. Thus, an ideal reference electrode would be a simple wire introduced into the test cell. The usefulness of redox modified electrodes as reference electrodes in this respect has been studied in some detail... 

Fig. 1 illustrates the identification result, i.e., validation of identified model. The 4-level pseudo random signal is introduced to obtain the excited output signal which contains the sufficient information on process dynamics. With these exciting and excited data, L and Lu as well as state space model are oalcidated and on the basis of these matrices the modified output prediction model is constructed according to Eq. (8). To both mathematical model assum as plimt and identified model another 4-level pseudo random signal is introduced and then the corresponding outputs fiom both are compared as shown in Fig. 1. Based on the identified model, we design the controller and investigate its performance under the demand on changes in the set-points for the conversion and M . The sampling time, prediction and...

Because borrow soils will be mixed and modified during placement, the cover soil for an ET landfill cover, as constructed, will be unique to the site. However, the soil properties may be easily described. The design process requires an evaluation of whether or not the proposed soil and plant system can achieve the goals for the cover. Numerous factors interact to influence ET cover performance. A mathematical model is needed for design that is capable of (1) evaluating the site water balance that is based on the interaction of soil, plant, and climate factors and (2) estimating the performance of an ET landfill cover during extended future time periods. 

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