Confocal image analysis

Different stages of spinal cell culture growth were used to evaluate the efficacy of separation of drug carrier from DDV. Confocal image analysis revealed that about 20, 32 and 40% of the drug carrier component separated from DDV and diffused into the cytosol from endosomes in 1, 2 and 3 weeks culture, respectively (Fig. 4, Dl, D2 and 4, D3 table 1). These results indicated that the separation of the drug carrier from DDV is neuronal maturation-dependent. Furthermore, the separations of DDV components occur in a time-dependent manner. 

J. Bloem, M. Veningra, and J. Shepherd, Fully automatic determination of soil bacterium numbers, cell volumes, and frequencies of dividing cells by confocal laser-scanning microscopy and image-analysis, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61 926... 

Salih, A., Jones, A., Bass, D. and Cox, G. (1997). Confocal imaging of exine for grass pollen analysis. Grana 36 215-224. 

Longin A, Souchier C, French M, Bryon PA. Comparison of anti-fading agents used in fluorescence microscopy image analysis and laser confocal microscopy study. J Histochem Cytochem 1993 41(12) 1833-1840. 

Pugnaloni, L.A., Matia-Merino, L., Dickinson, E. (2005). Microstructure of acid-induced caseinate gels containing sucrose quantification from confocal microscopy and image analysis. Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces, 42, 211-217. 

Loren, N., Langton, M., Hermansson, A.-M. (1999). Confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis of kinetically trapped phase-separated gelatin/maltodextrin gels. Food Hydrocolloids, 13, 185-198. 

For the estimation of Chi formation in hairy roots, the root cells were examined on a laser scanning confocal image system attached to a microscope. The filter package with a laser (excitation 568 nm) and a 590-610 nm band pass barrier filter for red fluorescence was employed. Digital image analysis was performed by a computer-aided image processing system with software. 

Lawrence JR, Wolfaardt GM, Neu TR (1998) The study of biofilms using confocal laser scanning microscopy In Wilkinson MHF, Schut F (eds) Digital Image Analysis of Microbes. Wiley, New York, p 431... 

Loren, N., Hagslatt, H., Nyden, M., and Hermansson, A.M. (2005). Water mobility in heterogeneous emulsions determined by a new eombination of confocal laser scanning microscopy, image analysis, NMR diflusometry and finite element method simulation. J. Chem. Phys. 122, 024716... 

Methods of objective measurement of cereal foam structures are reviewed, including image analysis, confocal microscopy and x-ray tomography. The analysis of foam structures and their relationship with mechanical and rheological properties is described, and also the relationships between these structures and sensory descriptors such as crispness, crunchiness and texture. The size, shape and anisotropy of bubbles and their cell walls in foams are seen as critical in determining their fracture properties and sensory perception of crispness. Techniques for measuring crispness using acoustic emission and force-deformation profiles are discussed. 

In one of our earlier applications, FCS diagnosed unanticipated micelle formation and led to the first development of confocal image microscopy for smaller focal volumes [3]. Recognizing the effective applications of fluorescent marker d mamics to understand cell membrane d mamics, we applied FCS to molecular diffusion on cell membranes, entering thereby into a long series of studies of the dynamics of membrane processes in life, which was at that time a quagmire of conflicting ideas [4]. Later, we also extended FCS theory to fluid flow analysis [9]. It has proven useful for a diversity of ultrafast chemical kinetics as well, c.f. [10-13]. 

Key Words [ -, a, -, and a2-Adrenergic receptors confocal microscopy fluorescent ligands green fluorescent protein image analysis. 

To extract the maximum amount of quantitative information from (confocal) images, detailed image analysis is necessary. Tire central components of such analysis are particle location and tracking. 

This section reviews the application of (confocal) imaging to study the flow response of concentrated suspensions, with emphasis on quantitative analysis as described in the previous sections. We separately discuss disordered systems and systems in which order is present either before or as a result of flow. In each case, the focus is on Brownian systems, but we briefly review non-Brownian systems at the end of each subsection. 

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