Conducting polymer camphorsulfonic acid

Conductive polymers have been widely investigated as promising candidates for the counter electrode materials due to their unique properties, such as relatively high conductivity, good stability, low cost, and easy coating. Conductive polyaniline (PANI) is one of the widely studied conductive polymers. A simple electrospinning method was developed by Peng et al. [82] to directly deposit conductive 10-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA)-doped polyaniline (PANI) blended with polylactic acid (PLA) composite films (PANI CSA-PLA) on conductive substrates. 

Polyaniline has only recently been employed to support Pt particles for oxygen reduction (10,11). In one approach, polyaniline films were cast onto glassy carbon electrodes fi om a solution of camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline, and then Pt was electrochemically deposited firom a H2PtCl5 solution. The pol iline film was found to provide a higher surfoce area for Pt deposition but exhibited limited permeability to oxygen. Use of a composite of polyaniline and Nafion (a proton conducting polymer commonly used in the fabrication of fiiel cell electrodes) resulted in better oxygen permeabilty (11). 

When camphorsulfonic acid (HCSA) is used as the sulfonic acid dopant in related syntheses, a highly conducting (5 = 15 S cm i) PPy.HCSA product is isolated, but it is completely insoluble in any solvent. This latter polymer can be prepared in soluble form by analogous chemical polymerizafion of pyrrole in organic solvents such as CHCI3, THF or CH3NO2. However, it is nonconductive, emphasizing the influence of the polymerization solvent on... 

The polarity of the insulating matrix plays a critical role in the miscibility of the insulating matrix/conducting polymers blends. The adhesion between non-polar PE and polar ICPs suffer due to this disparity. In order to improve the compatibility between the polymer components, low density PE was blended with p-toluenesulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid or camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline in the presence of functionalized metallocene PE, a compatibilizer [56]. The components were fed into a co-rotating twin-screw extruder at 200 C. Blending was xmdertaken at a screw speed of 60 rpm under nitrogen atmosphere. Castillo-Castro et al. (2011) have prepared n-dodecylbenzene sulfonate doped polyaniline/ low... 

Aside from considerations of the polymer form itself, polyaniline can be doped and derivatized in a variety of ways. First, polyaniline can be polymerized in the presence of a variety of acids, which critically influences the resulting electronic properties [1-15]. The particular acid used and polymerization process employed can affect the degree of crystallinity observed [10-15,17-29]. Multiple dopants and substitutions have been achieved in the hope of increasing both the conductivity and solubility of these materials. The derivatives are simple polyanilines functionalized with complex ions such as aryl-SOj, camphorsulfonates, and perfluoroalkyl (and aryl) sulfonates. Dopants vary from simple anions, to oxyanions, to the more typical iodide ions [10-15,17-29,38-44]. The functionalization and/or doping affects, the band population, and the polyaniline chain conformation in turn influence the resulting electronic and structural properties of the polymer. 

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