Computer-assisted manufacturing

Computerized meiintenance management systems Management information systems Computer-automated facilities management systems Computer-tiided design Computer-assisted manufacturing Computer numerical control (CNC)... 

Liquid chromatography is now a mature technique. Instruments are reliable and increasingly computer assisted. Column-to-column reproducibility is ensured by most manufacturers. The quest for the universal detector is about to end with the advent of a sophisticated and miniaturized MS detector. Development of a method can be achieved in a rather short period with available software. The emphasis is on validation more than on how to handle it. Capillary columns are sure to improve, and the trend will be toward many parallel analyses. 

CAD (computer-assisted design) CAD/CAM (computer-assisted design and manufacturing)... 

Many chemical and petroleum companies are now using Process Industry Practices (PIP) criteria for the development of P IDs. These criteria include symbols and nomenclature for typical equipment, instrumentation, and piping. They are compatible with industry codes of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Instrument Society of America (ISA), and Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA). The PIP criteria can be applied irrespective of whatever Computer Assisted Design (CAD) system is used to develop P IDs. Process Industries Practice (1998) may be obtained from the Construction Industry Institute mentioned in the References. 

Traditional ceramics are usually based on clay and silica. There is sometimes a tendency to equate traditional ceramics with low technology, however, advanced manufacturing techniques are often used. Competition among producers has caused processing to become more efficient and cost effective. Complex tooling and machinery is often used and may be coupled with computer-assisted process control. 

Setup and operation part manufacturing process model entities are created and captured in the process model mainly manually, with minor but important computer assistance. Some process planning activities, such as selection of machine tools, configuration of setups, selection of cutting tools, and sequencing of operations are assisted by automatic computer procedures in advanced systems. Some of the automatic functions for machining are ... 

T. Werner, A. Weckenmann, Computer-assisted generation of individual training concepts for advanced education in manufacturing metrology, Meas. Sci. Technol. 21 (5) (2010) 054018 (6pp). 

The advent of computer-assisted design and manufacturing technology requires more detailed data on the effect of processing on plastics components. Although the methods described in Chapter 10 allude to the effects, it is important to be aware of the limitations that are imposed by process on the performance of the plastics components. The data base available does not take into account many process-related phenomena. 

The new Chapter 10 has been added to cover the use of computer-assisted methods used in design. It also includes the use of the computers in manufacturing since data from the product design can be used to generate the tooling required for production. The new chapter reflects the widespread and increasing use of the computer in the development of new products—especially in the plastics field. 

The interaction between the product and process becomes an important factor in the use of computer-assisted design and manufacturing. The material added to the new Chapter 11 shows how the product-process interaction affects computer-assisted design and how the limitations can be compensated for while adequate software is developed to include these factors in the computer-assisted design procedure. 

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