Composite nanostructures

Suzuki, D. Kawaguchi, H., Modification of gold nanoparticle composite nanostructures using thermosensitive core shell particles as a template, Langmuir. 2005, 21, 8175 8179... 

Hu, X., et ah, A general route to prepare one- and three-dimensional carbon nanotube/metal nanoparticle composite nanostructures, hangmuir, 2007. 23(11) p. 6352-6357. 

Chu SZ, Inoue S, Wada K, Li D, Haneda H, Awatsu S (2003) Highly porous (Ti02-Si02-Te02)/Al203/Ti02) composite nanostructures on glass with enhanced photocatalysis fabricated by anodization and sol-gel process. J Pbys Chem B 107 6586-6589... 

A substrate functionalized with proper molecules can be used to anchor particles on its surface via surface exchange reaction, leading to controlled assembly of the particles. This self-assembly technique is known as molecule-mediated self-assembly and is commonly used for constructing various composite nanostructures [49-55]. Due to their excellent adhesion capability to various substrates, multifunctional polymers are routinely applied as templates to mediate the assembly of the particles. The assembly is carried out as follows a substrate is immersed into a polymer solution, and then rinsed, leading to a functionalized substrate. Subsequently, this substrate is dipped into the nanoparticle dispersion and then rinsed, leaving one layer of nanoparticles on the substrate surface. By repeating this simple two-step process in a cyclic fashion, a layer-by-layer assembled poly-mer/nanoparticle multilayer can be obtained. 

Subramanian V., Wolf E., Kamat P.V. (2001) Semiconductor-Metal Composite Nanostructures. To What Extent Do Metal Nanoparticles Improve the Photocatalytic Activity of Ti02 Films , J. Phys. Chem. B. 105(46), 11439-11446. 

Arrays of concentric composite nanowires of Zr02 with Co cores were made in an alumina template by the sol-gel method from Zr02 sol [48]. The sol was made from Zr0Cl2 8H20, ethanol, HNO3 and acetylacetone. The alumina membrane was dipped in the sol for 0.5-1 h and after drying was aimealed at around 500 °C. The Zr02 template was then filled with Co metal by electrodeposition. This composite nanostructure had an enhanced coercivity compared to that of bulk Co. 

PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF Er IONS IN OPAL/TELLURITE GLASS COMPOSITE NANOSTRUCTURES... 

Composite nanostructures consisting of an opal matrix containing tellurite glass doped with Er ions have been synthesized and photoluminescence of Er embedded in these structures in comparison with tellurite glass has been examined. A noticeable enhancement of luminescence in opal matrix as compared to glass has been observed. Possible enhancement mechanisms are discussed. 

PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND APPLICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES, 2003 COMPOSITE NANOSTRUCTURES BASED ON POROUS SILICON HOST... 

In this paper we review different technological aspects of porous silicon (PS) utilization as a host material for the fabrication of composite nanostructures. Different types of PS host filling materials and final treatments (annealing, oxidation, and others) are analyzed. 

The new nanostructure porous material based on anodic A12O3 and WO3 has been fabricated. The pore sizes can be tuned both by anodic forming regimes and W atom content in initial Al-W alloy films. The composite nanostructures based on anodic aluminium and tungsten oxides opens new opportunities for nanotechnology in electronics and photonics. 

M. Lahav, E. A. Weiss, Q. Xu, and G. M. Whitesides, Core-shell and segmented polymer-metal composite nanostructures. Nano Lett., 6, 2166-2171 (2006). 

Electrochemical polymerization provides a convenient approach to fabricate CNTs/CP nanocomposites [46-53], Using such a strategy, the morphology and properties of the nanocomposites can be controlled by the electropolymerization conditions, such as the applied potential or current density. Ajayan and co-workers have reported the electrochemical oxidation of aniline in H SO on the CNTs electrode to fabricate CNT/PANl composites [46]. Chen et al. fabricated CNT/PPy nanocomposites, the first example of anionic CNTs acting as the dopant of a CP [47]. Their results showed that PPy was xmiformly coated on the surface of individual CNTs by electrolysis at a low apphed potential for a short time, rendering them potential applications in nanoelectronic devices. Another kind of CNTs/CP composite nanostructures, e.g., CNTs as inorganic fillers in CP matrices [54] can be prepared by a template-directed electropolymerization method. (Figure 13.3)... 

Khomutov, G. B. Interfacially formed organized planar inorganic, polymeric and composite nanostructures. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 111(1-2), 79-116 (2004). 

Kim, P., Yuan, A., Nam, K.H., Jiao, A., Kim, D.H. Fabrication of poly(ethylene glycol) gelatin methacrylate composite nanostructures with tunable stiffness and degradation for vascular tissue engineering. Biofabrication 6, 024112 (2014)... 

K. Jia, T.E. Fischer and B. Gallois, Microstructure, Hardness and Toughness of Nanostructured and Conventional WC-Co Composites, Nanostructured Materials. 10(5), 875(1998). 

Design and fabrication of multidimensional nanostructures have been discussed for metals and ceramics in the previous chapters and most of the fabrication methods introduced earlier can be transferred to polymeric and composite systems. Generally, polymeric and composite nanostructures of different dimensions from 0-D (e.g., nanoparticles, nanodots) to 3-D (nanoscaffolds) can be fabricated by nanopattem-ing techniques, colloidal processes, electrospinning, physical and chemical vapor depositions, porogen strategy, self-assembly, and so on. These fabrication techniques discussed in the previous chapters are transferrable for preparing nanopolymers and... 

Subramanian, V., Wolf, E., Kamat, P. Semiconductor-metal composite nanostructures. To what extent do metal nanoparticles improve the photocatalytic activity of Ti02 films . J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 11439 (2001)... 

For improving the energy storage efficiency, ECP/CNM nanocomposites are widely used in electrochemical energy storage devices. These include lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Polyaniline/CNM nanocomposites and polypyrrole/CNM nanocomposites are the major composite nanostructures used for this piupose due to their superior electrochemical properties, low cost and easy processing methods. 

Laine et al. [35-37,71-78] have developed several routes to link POSS cubes by chemical reactions that lead to organic tethers (spacers) between the cages or cubes with the objective of determining whether well-defined composite nanostructure and periodically placed organic/inorganic components will offer novel and predictable properties. To date, macromonomers based on cubes functionalized... 

Optimization of Bulk Heterojunction Composite Nanostructures 175 Pressure... 

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