Compatibility of clays with

The reaction of neomycin with many compounds has been described in Section 3, hence numerous reports of neomycin incompatibility may be expected. Dale and Rundman have extensively reviewed the compatibility of neomycin with substances that may be encountered by the formulation pharmacist. Kudalker et al 03 have described the incompatibility of the antibiotic with rancid oils, and the incompatibility with bentonite, a montomorill-onite clay, has been reported by Danti and Guth306. The incompatibility with lactose, causing a discoloration of the mixture has been studied by Hammouda and Salakawy- 0 . The amount of browning produced was shown to be dependant on the initial pH of the solution. The rate of discoloration of the lactose/neomycin powder was directly related to the temperature of storage and the relative humidity of the atmosphere. Discoloration was overcome by addition of sodium bisulphite. 

Compatibility of NA with organic polymer is much inferior to the compatibility of , 15A, and SP. Thus, Sl-NA-4 has inferior thermal stability as compared to the other three clays. Moreover, the intergallery spacing of NA is very small (only 1.22 nm, obtained from XRD results, Fig. 26a). Only a few chains of HNBR (with 34% acrylonitrile content), being bulky in nature, can find their way into such a small gallery space, which results in poor polymer-filler interaction. This is confirmed by both XRD and (Fig. 26a, b). 

Examples of the use of physical and colloidal chemical principles are involved in studies on the compatibility of pesticides with clays. Many pesticides are catalytically decomposed by clays. 

Sandstone, which is composed of quartz, K-feldspar, clay, iron oxide, and calcite cement. Alkaline wastes from fertilizer manufacturing processes are injected into the formation. In 1996, the injectivity of the wells had decreased from 140 to 40 gallon per minute (gpm). Well plugging because of precipitation was suspected to be the cause. Well-treatment plans are subject to approval from the US EPA and state regulatory agencies. Geochemical modeling was called upon to evaluate the chemical compatibility of injectate with formation water and the causes for reduced permeability. 

Surface treatment of clays The surface treatment of the nanoadditives helps establish an interface with the polymer matrix and hence enhance the compatibility and/or the miscibility of the nanoadditive with the polymer matrix. In terms of the cationic silicate clay, such as MMT, the interface is... 

Dikes may be made of earth, steel, crushed stone, or concrete, and they may be lined with a layer of clay or asphalt, or plastic film. There are several constraints on dike material it must be chemically compatible with the process material, be durable under normal weathering conditions, have structural characteristics suitable to support loads from maintenance vehicles, and be cost effective. Ideally, to prevent ground contamination, the ground between a vessel and a dike wall should be nonporous. 

The importance of composition of lubricating oils lies in the effect it has on their compatibility (ASTM D-2226). This can often be determined by studies of the composition. For example, molecular type analysis separates an oil into different molecular species. One molecular type analysis is the so-called clay-gel analysis. In this method, group separation is achieved by adsorption in a percolation column with selected grades of clay and/or silica gel as the adsorption media (ASTM D-1319, ASTM D-2007, IP 156). 

The effect of high shear mechanical mixing and soni-cation methods on the physical properties of the nanocomposites has been analyzed [84] using modified clays with a quaternary ammonium salt and calcium carbonate [85] and silane-treated clays [31]. Although the nanoclay is usually chemically modified to make it organophilic and compatible with the polymer matrix, untreated MMT was... 

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