Commission on Toxicology

One of the main concerns of the Subcommittee on Toxicology and Risk Assessment and its predecessor the Commission on Toxicology has been education of chemists in fundamental principles of toxicology. Activities here have involved the compilation of glossaries, educational modules, and reviews of matters of current concern. These can be found on the lUPAC website at http //www.iupac.org/divisions/ VII/VII.C.2/index.html. 

For the Commission on Toxicology, Clinical Chemistry Division, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 

The reviewers gratefully acknowledge the encouragement and advice of the Members of the lUPAC Commission on Toxicology, of Mr. P. F. Gibson, and of Dr. E. Silk. 

In this volume, the Editors have compiled a group of articles that they feel represents a continuation of the aims of this publication to provide the clinical chemist with reviews of state-of-the-art methodology, newer areas of medicine and physiology that affect the clinical chemist, and those areas related to the latest information relating ehemistry to disease. Brown, Kalow, Pilz, Whittaker, and Woronick present an article entitled The Plasma Cholinesterases A New Perspective. This is truly an international effort and is presented by the authors on behalf of the Commission on Toxicology of the Clinical Chemistry Division of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides a superb review of human serum cholinesterase and its variants and a critical assessment of the physical and chemical properties of the enzyme. 

About a decade ago the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC) Commission on Toxicology instituted a series of interlaboratory collaborative studies and analytical reviews aimed at harmonizing the analysis of trace metals in biological fluids, which have been extremely useful for a number of important elements e.g. nickel (Sunder-man et al., 1982), cadmium (Herber et al., 1990a, 1990b), manganese (Ottaway and Halls,... 

In an attempt to end the confusion that existed regarding the usage of the term speciation, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC), (three lUPAC Divisions represented by the Commission on Microchemical Techniques and Trace Analysis, the Commission on Fundamental Environmental Chemistry, and the Commission on Toxicology) provided lUPAC Recommendations in 2000 in an attempt to define what is a chemical species, what is speciation and what is speciation analysis. It was agreed that straightforward, standard terminology is important for interdisciplinary... 

Pesticides in the Diet of Infants and Children, Report of Board on Agriculture and Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Life Sciences, U.S. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1993, 386 pp. 

Subcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Committee on Toxicology Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology Commission of Life Sciences National Research Council... 

A European Union (EU) risk assessment of di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) underestimated the substance s potential damage to the environment, the commission s scientific committee on toxicology (CSTEE) says. The study was completed by a team of Swedish scientists in September 2001 for the European Commission (EC). The Swedish scientists had recommended in September that no measures were required to reduce the risk of pollution from DEHP. But CSTEE will begin a new round of research shortly, as part of a review of the scientists assessment, to determine the extent of environmental risks posed by DEHP. CSTEE says that in many cases there is a need for... 

Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants (mbeep) by the Associate Editor, Dr. Ronald F. Coburn, and several anonymous reviewers by the Advisory Center on Toxicology of the Assembly of Life Sciences (als) by the Committee on Atmospheric Sciences of the Commission on Natural Resources Environmental Studies Board and by the Committee on National Statistics of the Assembly of Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 

Breslow, L. (1984). Nonoccupational health risks of asbestiform fibers. Committee on Nonoccupational Health Risks of Asbestiform Fibers, Board of Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council, Washington, DC. 

The Department of the Army asked the Committee on Toxicology, In the Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards of the Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council (NRC) to conduct a study of the possible chronic adverse health effects on servicemen of experimental exposure to various chemicals at the U.S. Army Laboratories (formerly the Army Chemical Center), Edgewood,... 

The caloric value of alitame is 1.4 cal/g. JECFA have assigned an ADI of 0.1 rng/kg bw. The Committee on Toxicology (COT) ADI is 0.3 rng/kg bw. Alitame is currently permitted for food use in China and Australia. Submissions for approval have been made to the FDA. In Europe, a submission will be made to the EU Commission and also temporary approval will be sought in the United Kingdom via the Food Standards Agency (Koivistoinen, 2003). 

Commission on Life Sciences (2000) Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals. National Academy Press, Washington DC, USA, 534 pp. ISBN 0-309-59232-1. 

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