Combustor regenerator

The potassium combines with the sulfur to form potassium sulfate, which condenses as a soHd primarily in the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or baghouse. The recovered potassium sulfate is then deUvered to a seed regeneration unit where the ash and sulfur are removed, and the potassium, in a sulfur-free form such as formate or carbonate, is recycled to the MHD combustor. It is necessary also to remove anions such as Cf and E which reduce the electrical conductivity of the generator gas flow. These are present in the coal ash in very small and therefore relatively harmless concentrations. As the seed is recycled, however, the concentrations, particularly of CF, tend to build up and to become a serious contaminant unless removed. 

The overall benefits of this high efficiency combustor over a conventional bubbling- or turbulent-bed regenerator are enhanced and controlled carbon-bum kinetics (carbon on regenerated catalyst at less than 0.05 wt %) ease of start-up and routiae operabiUty uniform radial carbon and temperature profiles limited afterbum ia the upper regenerator section and uniform cyclone temperatures and reduced catalyst iaventory and air-blower horsepower. By 1990, this design was well estabUshed. More than 30 units are ia commercial operation. 

The steam used in this process is generated by the turbine exhaust gas. Typically, water at 14.7 psia (1 Bar) and 80 °F (26.7 °C) enters the pump and regenerator, where it is brought up to 60 psia (4 Bar) above the compressor discharge and the same temperature as the compressor discharged air. The steam is injected after the compressor but far upstream of the burner to create a proper mixture which helps to reduce the primary zone temperature in the combustor and the NO output. The enthalpy of State 3 hi,) is the mixture enthalpy of air and steam. The following relationship describes the flow at that point ... 

Table X shows some pertinent reactions in the regeneration system. We determined the equilibrium constant for Reaction 3 and obtained PZnci2 of 57 torr whereas Pznci2 in the combustor was about 120 torr. Hence, it might be expected that some calcium chloride would be formed. It is believed that the reason we did not get any is because of reactions such as Reactions 4 and 5 whose equilibria are probably far to the right.

In the combustor, coke is burned from the spent solid that is then separated from combustion gas in the surge vessel. The surge vessel circulates regenerated catalyst streams to the contractor inlet for feed vaporization, and to the combustor bottom for premixing. 

Inlet air to compressor Compressor outlet air Combustor outlet/turblne inlet Turbine exhaust Regenerator outlet/stack gases... 

The simplest example of a gas-turbine cycle is one in which no heat regeneration takes place the compressor outlet air is sent directly to the combustor at a temperature of 650F and liquid methanol at ambient temperature is combusted to produce hot gases at a temperature of 2000F. 

The use of regenerator heat from the exhaust gases to carryout endothermic reactions with the methanol fuel could lead to substantially lower entropy production in the combustor. The resultant increase in the overall efficiency was shown to be greater than that for any other use of the exhaust heat. 

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories Generic Maximum Achievable Control Technology Standards National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Steel Pickling—HCI Process Facilities and Hydrochloric Acid Regeneration Plants National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Mineral Wool Production National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From Hazardous Waste Combustors National Emission Standards for Pharmaceuticals Production... 

The entire pilot-scale installation consists of a coal combustor, cyclone separator, two heat exchangers, scrubber, regenerator, and exhaust fan. The scrubber and regenerator are equipped with heat-transfer coils, and all equipment in contact with the scrubber liquid is made of stainless steel. Gas-sampling ports are installed upstream and down-... 

In this technique the gas is passed counter-current to 15% solution of MEA in water and CO2 is absorbed down to about 0.1%. Sulphmous gases are also absorbed. The used MEA solution is regenerated by heating when the CO2 and other absorbed gases are driven off. The heat required for this is frequently obtained by combining the regenerator and combustor in one unit... 

Fig. 5.4. Bergbauforschung process for de Aenolizatian by activated carbon, (a) Hlter (b) adsorbs (c) sieve (d) fluidized bed regenerator, ( ) quench (f) combustor...

Fig. 5.14. Scot process combined with Claus unit, (a) Combustor (b) reactor (c) waste heat boiler (d) quench cooler, (e) blower, (/) absorber, (g) regenerator h) cooler, (0 heat exchanger (k) reboiler (0 condenser (m) separator...

UOP High Efficiency Side-by-side configuration High superficial velocities for small catalyst inventory Fast dilute phase regeneration in small vessel combustor discharging into a disengaging chamber... 

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