Gas chromatography columns for

The separation nuaber is the only column efficiency par2uaeter that can be deterained under teaperature progr2uued conditions [45,46]. The critical parameters that aust be standardized to obtain reproducible SM values for coluans of different length are the carrier gas flow rate and the temperature program. The SN is widely used as part of a standardized test method to evaluate the quality of open tubular columns for gas chromatography (section 2.4.3). 

K. Grob, "Making and Manipulating Capillary Columns for Gas Chromatography", Huething, Heidelberg, 1986. 

Virtually all current research in SFC utilizes either small bore packed columns with particles of 5-10 micrometers in diameter optimized for use in liquid chromatography or narrow bore, fused silica open tubular columns with Immobilized phases similar to those used in gas chromatography. In the latter case columns of saaller internal diameter, 10-100 micrometers, shorter lengths (generally less than 20 m with 1-10 m being the most common length), and more firmly crosslinked stationary phases are used by coaparison with standard columns for gas chromatography. In all... 

Reidy, S. Lambertus, G. Reece, J. Sacks, R., High performance, static coated silicon micro fabricated columns for gas chromatography, Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 2623 2630... 

Bayer, E., Hupe, K. P., and Mack H. (1963) Filling of analytical and preparative columns for gas chromatography. Anal. Chem, 35, 492-496. 

Ilkova, E. L., Mistryukov, E. A. Pretreatment of the inner surface of open tubular columns for gas chromatography. Chromatographia 4, 77 (1971). 

For the preparation of capillary columns for gas chromatography, the fused silica column wall is deactivated using polysiloxanes, and modified with a suitable stationary phase. Hetem19 discussed the use of polymethylhydrosiloxanes (PMHS) for deactivation and subsequent coating with a polymerized C18-type silane for stationary phase formation. Stationary phases used in packed GC are analogous to HPLC. 

Blomberg, L., Markides, K., and Wannman, T. (1981). Glass capillary columns for gas chromatography coated with non-extractable films of cyanosilicone rubbers. J. Chromatogr. 203, 217-226. 

Chauhan, J., and Darbre, A. (1981). Direct injection on capillary column for gas chromatography. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Commun. 4, 260. 

E. F. Barry and R.L.Grob Columns for Gas Chromatography, J. Wiley Sons, New York, 2007, ISBN 9780471740438. 

The last type of column for gas chromatography is the capillary column or Golay-column. This type of column is especially interesting because they present... 

Since B values are temperature dependent, a column for gas chromatography must be in an enclosure maintained at a controlled temperature. Very long columns may be used in a relatively small enclosure, because columns (packed metal tubes) may readily be coiled. Although the usual gas chromatographic column does not... 

Barry, E.F. Grob, R.L. Columns for Gas Chromatography Performance and Selection.Wiky New York, 2007. Blumberg, L.M. Temperature-Programmed Gas Chromatography. Wiley New York, 2010. 

Figure 21-9 (a) Typical dimensions of open tubular column for gas chromatography, (b) A fused silica column with a length of 15-100 m is wound in a small coil to fit inside the chromatograph. 

The method of preparation of sandwiched adsorption ca-pillary columns for gas chromatography is similar to that used for adsorbent layer formation during glass capillary drawing. Liberti, Nota, Goretti [8] use the term sandwiched capillary columns to describe columns made of any material, in which the separating medium is a thread inserted inside the capillary. Of course, any material which is available as thread can be used for preparation of sandwiched capillary columns. 

Columns for Gas Chromatography Performance and Selection, Copyright 2007 John Wiley Sons, Inc. 

The first commercially available packed columns for gas chromatography were those available with the Perkin-Elmer vapor fractometer, Model 154, in 1954. Although the identities of the packings were at first proprietary, they soon became known to the scientific community. At first these columns were simply designated by a capital letter of the alphabet along with a brief description of the type(s) of analytes they could separate. Each column contained 20% liquid phase coated on 60/80-mesh Chromosorb. The columns and their chemical composition are given in Table 2.1. 

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