Colors vermilion

Zinnober, m. cinnabar, (also, when used as a pigment) vermilion, -ersatz, m. vermilion substitute, -farbe, /. vermilion (color). 

Fluoran compounds developing colors are not new, having been well known since early times. For example, the Beilstein Handbook of Organic Chemistry, XIX describes many fluoran compounds developing colors from yellow to red. These include 3, 6 -dimethoxyfluoran (4 yellow), 3 -chloro-6 -diethylaminofluoran (5 vermilion), and 9 -diethylaminobenzo[a]fluoran (6 red). 

On the other hand, a methyl group adjacent to an amino group at 3 -position produces a bathochromic shift. Thus, 3 -chloro-6 -cyclohexyl-amino-4, 5 -dimethylfluoran (20), 14 3 -n-butylamino-6 -chloro-4 -methylflu-oran (21),15 etc. develop vermilion color. 

Fluoran compounds having a dialkylamino group at 3 -position generally develop color from yellowish red to vermilion. These include... 

Fluoran compounds having an 7V-alkyl-/V-arylamino group at 3 -position such as 2 -chloro-6 -(7V-ethyl-4-methylanilino)fluoran (26 R1 = CH3, R2 = H, R3 = Cl),22 6 -((V-ethyl-4-methylanilino)-2 -methoxyfluoran (26 R1 = CH3, R2 = H, R3 = CH30),22 and 6 -(4-chloro-(V-ethylanilino)-2, 3 -dimethylfluoran (26 R1 = Cl, R2, R3 = CH3)22 also develop vermilion color, but these color tones are more bathochromic because of longer conjugated double bond system. 

If cither colors are required—as red, for example— the fabrio should bo coated with gutta-percha and vermilion. Take one pound of any oil-varnish, or pale linseed, nut, Or poppy oil, previously made drying by any of the ordinary methods, and three ounces of crimson lake grind them well together, and coat the fabric, with a thin layer. If the fabric has been embossed or corked to imitate morocco leather, the result will not be a bad imitation of that article. Of course, any tinge may be produced by a similar process. 

The principal ore of toerenry is the sulphide—tho Annober of the Gormans and minium of Pliny. The color of native cinnabar varies from coehineal red to brownjsh-Ted and leaden grey. The.streak is scarlet, and the lustre usually adamantine. The density of this mineral is 8-098, and when pure it contains 86-29 parts of mercury with 13-71 of sulphur. Specimens of the purest ore have, occasionally,. all the richness of hue which the best vermilion presents. 

Chinese Vermilion, which is so rich in color as to command five or six times the price of the European product, appears to be prepared in the ordinary way, leaving nothing to account for the superior brilliancy of shade except the sunnier climate. By careful selection, the finest portions arc collected, and, if necessary, ground and washed several times. In making the artificial product, one part of sulphur and four of mercury are introduced into an earthen pot, to which an iron cover is luted and bound with wire the pot with its contents is then placed in a fire of dried camel s dung. After sublimation, the cover is removed aud the pot broken, and the purest of the sublimate picked out from, the less-colored product, ground very fine, and the powder sifted into a large vessel of watar. When the red product lias subsided, the supernatant... 

Savon la Hose.—Rose soap is made from a mixture of olive oil soap, sixty pounds and curd soap, forty pounds colored with one pound of finely bolted vermilion. The perfume consisting of attars of rose, six ounces otters of santal and geranium, each one ounce and tincture of musk, eight ounces must be added to the cold soap in meal, and incorporated by kneading. The oil soap may be replaced by curd soap, but the quality of the rose soap will not then be so fine. 

PROUSTITE. This ruby-silver mineral crystallizes in the hexagonal system its name is a product of its scarlet-to-vermilion color when first mined It is a silver arsenic sulfide. AgjAsS, of adamantine luster Hardness of 2-2,5 specific gravity of 5.55-5.64. Usual crystal habit is prismatic to rhombohedral more commonly occurs massive. Conchoidal to uneven fracture transparent to translucent color, scarlet to vermilion red. Light sensitive must be kept in dark environment to maintain its primary character. A product of low-tcmpcraturc formation in most silver deposits. Notable world occurrences include the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Saxony, Chile and Mexico. Found in minor quantities in the United States the most exceptional occurrence at the Poorman Mine, Silver City District. Idaho where a crystalline mass of some 500 pounds (227 kilograms) was recovered m 1865, It was named for the famous French chemist, Louis Joseph Proust. 

Smoke shells and rockets are used to produce smoke clouds for military signaling and, in daylight fireworks, for ornamental effects. The shell case or rocket head is filled with a fine powder of the desired color, which powdered material need not necessarily be one which will tolerate heat, and this is dispersed in the form of a colored cloud by the explosion of a small bag of gunpowder placed as near to its center as may be. Artificial vermilion (red), ultramarine (blue), Paris green, chrome yellow, chalk, and ivory black are among the materials which have been used, but almost any material which has a bright color when powdered and which does not cake together may be employed. 

If mercuric chloride is used instead of the acetate, a larger amount of acetic acid is required, and a longer period of heating is needed. The color changes from black, through brown, tan, and orange to red, but the final color is never so brilliant a vermilion as that of the material prepared from the acetate. 

Cinnabar, or vermilion (sp. gr. 7.5 to 8.1), is the stable modification of mercuric sulfide at all temperatures up to its sublimation point (about 580°C.). Its chemical properties are about the same as those of the black modification, and its stability makes it useful as a pigment for artists colors. 

Mercury is a silver-colored metallic element in fluid form (symbol Hg atomic no. 80). Its symbol derives from the Greek name for the element hydrargyros. It is found as the sulfide salt in cinnabar, the source of the pigment vermilion. 

The brown, flesh, olive, and orange tones were all achieved by skillful mixing of more basic colors. For example, the flesh tones in MS FGA 44.17 and MS W. 539 were achieved by mixing varying amounts of vermilion, white lead, organic yellow, and organic red. 

Mercury(II) sulfide (HgS) exists in two different crystalline forms. In cinnabar, the band gap is 3.2 X 10 J in metacinnabar, it is 2.6 X 10 J. In some old paintings with improperly formulated paints, the pigment vermilion (cinnabar) has transformed to metacinnabar on exposure to light. Describe the color change that results. 

Biaulphuret of Iron. This is found in largo quantities in mineral form, and ia known as Iron pyrites. It may also be obtained by projecting a mixturo t.l 5 parts sui-phor, and 4 parts iron filings, into a red-hot crucible, excluding tho air as much as possible. It melts easily, and takes sharp casts, and may bo colored red with vermilion. 

Bailey e Itch Ointment. Sweet oil, 1 pound suet, 1 pound root alkanet, 2 ounces. Melt and macerate until sufficiently colored, then add powdered nitre. 3 ounces powdered alum, 3 ooncca powder sulphate of zinc, 3 ounces powdered vermilion, to color oil c.f aniseed, oil of spike, and oil of origanum to p rlumc. 

We should carefully avoid, in this regeneration of the hyposulphite of lime, leaving in an excess of sulphide of calcium, which will impair the coloration of the vermilion by causing the formation of the ordinaiy orange-yellow sulphide of antimony. Therefore, if the solution of hyposulphite of lime be ydlow and alkaline, a liquor charged with sulphurous acid should be added, until complete neutralisation of the alkaline reaction. 

In its first meaning (the designation of a color), dan is part of a range of words that denote different shades of red. The five main terms are hong (red), dan (cinnabar), zhu (vermilion), chi (scarlet), andjiang (crimson). 

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