Color-shaded images

Fig. 10. A surface model illustrating color shaded image technology. Courtesy Computervision Corp.)...

Automatic Color Mapping selects the best color shading combinations among sixteen shades of simulated color in order to achieve optimal color contrast for audience pleasing projected images. 

Fig. 18.14a,b. Image enhancement for the 3D local flattening approach, a Level lines with color codes indicating the depth, b Combination of the level lines and shaded image... 

The molecular structures were rendered with good-quality shading on a blue background. Isosurfaces produced from cube files or checkpoint files also looked nice. Molecular vibrations can be animated on screen and vibrational displacement vectors displayed. The vibrational line spectrum may be displayed too, but the user has no control over the axes. There is no way to set the background color. The display can be saved using several image file formats. 

Phthalic anhydride condenses with the aniline derivative in the presence of zinc or aluminum chlorides to yield the intermediate benzoyl-benzoic acid, which subsequently reacts with l,3-bis-V,V-dimethylaniline in acetic anhydride to yield the phthalide. The above compound gives a violet-gray image when applied to a clay developer. Clearly this synthesis is also very flexible and variations in shades of color formers have been obtained by varying the aniline components and also by using phthalic anhydrides substituted, for example, by nitro groups or chlorine atoms. Such products have excellent properties as color formers and have been used commercially. Furthermore, this synthetic route is of great importance for the preparation of heterocyclic substituted phthalides, as will be seen later. 

Figure 10.1 The same specimen imaged by three different commercial imaging systems. Note the significant color variations in each image, as well as the shading of the background. There are also visible differences in resolution between the systems, even though total magnification is the same in all images. See color insert.

In my case, none of these uninvited image people promised salvation. They didn t even reveal scientific secrets. But they did, by their presence, make one thing clear that sleep deprivation alone can open wide the Doors of Perception that Huxley celebrated. Had I prepared my mind for specific communications from the beyond, I have no doubt that my visionary visitors would have articulated whatever words I wanted to hear. The point is that you don t need a drug, you don t need a medium, and you certainly don t need a spirit world to have them. Those exotic ginger flowers and that tumultuous ski run spoke so clearly to the shade of Aldous Huxley You are wrong about dreams. They can be both pre-ternaturally colorful and ecstatically animated. Even without mescaline or LSD, and certainly without cocaine, a drug that will almost certainly counteract psychedelic dreaming. 

Plate 8 Relative amounts of information contained in reflection intensities and phases. The Fourier transforms of duck and cat are shown in (a) and ( >). In (c), the intensity or shading of the duck transform is combined with the phases or colors of the cat transform. The back-transform of (c), shown in (d), contains a clear image of the cat. Ironically, the phases, which are so difficult to obtain, provide more information than the easily obtained intensities. (For discussion, see Chapter 6.) Figure generously provided by Dr. Kevin Cowtan. 

Finlayson and Drew (2001) show that a similar method can also be applied to a 4-sensor camera. Since four measurements are available for each image point, the measurements project onto a plane that is orthogonal to the direction caused by the black-body illuminant. Matte points that are similarly colored are projected onto the same point on the plane. Specularities are extended surrounding the projected specular point. Under the assumption that the illuminant can be approximated by a black-body radiator this point is unique for each camera. By moving outward from the specular point they show that an image can be made invariant to shading, shadows, and specularities. 

Comprehensive normalization Described in Section 6.7. The lightness of the colors in the original image is used to scale the output colors to add back information about shading. 

The first motivation for processing color images is that human beings are sensitive to thousands of shades and intensities, in comparison to about thirty... 

The gray-scale has been inverted in Fig. 1 Id for clarity, i.e. pores completely filled with electrolyte are now dark. The PMMA web clearly stands out in Fig. lid. The pores in the upper row are well shaped, and they are completely filled by electrolyte. In contrast, the pores in the bottom row are well shaped as well but hold inclusions. The distinct gray-shades of the inclusions point to different chemical nature of the inclusions. In the original fully-colored image the inclusions exhibit totally different colors, which permit the assignment of the inclusions in the bottom left pore to an air lock, whereas the inclusion in the pore to the right is a polymer residue. It should be emphasized that the size of this polymer inclusion is too small to be laterally resolved in the FTIR image. 

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