Gray Scale

Fig. 4.1. Interference of incoming and the reflected X-ray waves inthe triangular region above a flat and thick reflecting substrate. The strength ofthe electromagnetic field is represented on the gray scale by instantaneous crests (white) andtroughs (black). Inthe course of time, the pattern moves from the left to the right [4.21].

Fig. 1.4 SEM images of caved cuboctahedral hexagonal copper sulfide (CuS covellite) crystals, synthesized by a solvothermal process in ethylene glycol, at 140 °C. (Reprinted in gray scale with permission from [52], Copyright 2009, American Chemical Society)...

Fig. 5.19 (a) Linking CdSe quantum dots to Ti02 particle with bifunctional surface modifier (b) light harvesting assembly composed of T102 film functionahzed with CdSe Q-dots on optically transparent electrode (OTE). [Adapted (in gray scale) from [348]]... 

Fig. 5.20 Schematic diagram illustrating the energy levels of different-sized CdSe quantum dots and Ti02 (band positions are not drawn to scale). The injection of electrons from CdSe into Ti02 is influenced by the energy difference between the two conduction bands. [Adapted (in gray scale) from [351]]...

Figure 7.9 shows the two-dimensional plots of kinetic potentials in the v-i - and V2x-directions, when the distances between adjacent particles were (a) 1, (b) 5, and (c) 20 (xm. In the figure, the vertical and horizontal axes indicate the velocity of the particles 1 and 2 in the x-direction, and the depth of the kinetic potential is shown by the gray-scale image. From the results, when the distance was sufficiently large (see Figure 7.9c), the profile was almost round-shaped and the profiles in the... 

FIG. 14 Constant height mode gray-scale image of a 5/xm-diameter pore in a polycarbonate membrane obtained with a 3 fim pipette tip. The filling DCE solution contained 10 mM TBATPBCl. The aqueous phase contained 0.4mM TEACl + lOmM LiCl. The scale bar corresponds to 10/xm. The tip scan speed was 10/xm/s. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 30. Copyright 1998 American Chemical Society.)... 

FIGURE 6.9 (a)—(d) Gray-scaled RRI images for 2 out of 11 donor eyecups, imaged to establish a correlation... 

FIGURE 6.13 Gray-scale microscopic RRI image of an excised palm tissue sample (a) and intensity plot (b) along a line running through the middle of the distribution. Results show large spatial variation of the concentration of carotenoids within the skin on a microscopic scale. 

FIGURE 1.2 2D liquid protein expression map of the HCT-116 human colon adenocarcinomacell line. The x-axis is in p/units from 4.0 to 7.0 in 0.2 increments. They-axis is percent B of the RP-HPLC gradient. The gray scale of the bands represents the relative intensity of each band by UV detection at 214 nm. From Yan et al. (2003) with permission of the American Chemical Society. (See color plate.)... 

FIGURE 5.15 A typical gray-scale contour plot of the 2DLC separation of tryptic digest peptides from BSA. From Stoll and Carr (2005). Reprinted with permission of the American Chemical Society. 

FIGURE 15.6 Gel image of the data in Fig. 15.4, where the density of the plot is proportional to the logarithm of the fluorescence intensity observed in each cycle. The data are plotted as a gray scale for low intensity components and a blue-green-yellow-red scale for the most intense components. 

D is the output gray scale value after amplification8 in the donor channel (gd) of the sum of the fraction (F ) of donor fluorescence in the donor channel and the fraction (i ) of acceptor fluorescence in the donor channel. The fluorescence of donors depends on the number of donor molecules (No) diminished by... 

Relating back to Eq. (7.8) from the main text, the sensitized emission gray scale image / is composed of the emission from ENs, which depends on the acceptor quantum yield QA, scaled by factors for sensitized emission channel gain (gs), fraction of acceptor fluorescence in the sensitized emission channel F, and donor excitation efficiency tdxD ... 

Fig. 1. Gray scale rendering of the non-LTE abundance correction for varying metal-licity, for the grid of atmospheric parameters explored (with our standard choice for the collisions with hydrogen). Brighter parts of each plot correspond to larger non-LTE corrections, with intensity scaled as shown by the bar on the right hand side (dex units). The corrections refer to the absorption line of interest around 9100 A...

Fig. 1. (left panel) [Eu/Fe] as a function of [Fe/H]. Gray-scale indicates predicted distribution of stellar fraction. The r-process site is assumed to be SNe of 8 — IOMq. The average stellar distributions are indicated by thick-solid lines with the 50% (solid lines) and 90% confidence intervals (thin-solid lines). The current observational data are given by large circles, with other previous data (small circles). 

Figure 2. a) Wide field fluorescence microphotographs of a single CrAPO-5 crystal taken during heating b,c) confocal fluorescence images (top and side respectively) of the CrAPO-5 crystal at 660 K. Detection channel of 575-635 nm are represented in gray scale. 

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