Color display tube

Ishii T., Ohta K., Ueba Y. New non-glare coating for color display tubes. Japan Display 83 1983 120-123... 

Onodera M., Matsuda H. Color display tube with high-contrast and antireflection coating. Toshiba Rev. 1993 48(8) 639-642... 

Donor and acceptor levels are the active centers in most phosphors, as in zinc sulfide [1314-98-3] ZnS, containing an activator such as Cu and various co-activators. Phosphors are coated onto the inside of fluorescent lamps to convert the intense ultraviolet and blue from the mercury emissions into lower energy light to provide a color balance closer to daylight as in Figure 11. Phosphors can also be stimulated directly by electricity as in the Destriau effect in electroluminescent panels and by an electron beam as in the cathodoluminescence used in television and cathode ray display tubes and in (usually blue) vacuum-fluorescence alphanumeric displays. 

An already substantial and rapidly growing market for CRT phosphors and tubes is in the area of data displays, both alphanumeric and graphic, e.g., computer terminals and word processors. In spite of dramatic advances in other technologies, CRT s are still the most cost effective way to present information, and very likely always will be. Most data display tubes do not use rare earth phosphors because of their high cost, rare earth phosphors find use only when there is a compelling need for their special properties. At the present time, this is limited to the use of Eu3+ reds in tricolor tubes that use the same shadow mask principle as conventional color TV. 

In contrast to organic chromophores, luminescent lanthanide complexes are believed to be promising candidates to solve this problem. The spectroscopic properties of some lanthanide ions are ideal for use in full color displays, as is known from inorganic luminescent materials in cathode-ray and projection television tubes. Luminescent lanthanide complexes belong to a special class of emitters, exhibiting the following important advantages. 

In the last chapter, we presented a synopsis of the technological advances made in CRT s, particularly those for the color TV tube up to about the mld-1960 s. Since that time, a number of innovations have been accomplished. This change has been in response to market demand for a less bulky display device as well as a larger display size, i.e.- the "flat" television tube. Major improvements have been created in the electron gun, deflection yoke and the glass faceplate. What we are addressing is the changes in t rpe of display which has resulted. In the ordinary CRT of the... 

Whitaker, J.C. 1993. Electronic Displays Technology, Design and Applications. McGraw-HiU, New York. Yoshida, S. et. al. 1973. A wide deflection angle (114°) Trinitron color picture tube. IEEE Trans. Elec. Dev. 

The backlight power required for monochrome supertwisted displays, together with the corresponding circuit power, does not exceed 5 watts, which is six times lower than that for cathode ray tube (CRT) displays [6]. For color displays with RGB filters on one of the substrates the backlight power increases by five times, but this still cannot be achieved by any of the competing color display types. 

The possibility of producing large-area flat devices with a high brightness (comparable to fluorescent tubes) makes the PLEDs promising candidates for application in self-emitting color flat panel displays. The multicolor dots building up a color display can be realized via several techniques ... 

Molden can display molecular geometries in a variety of formats, including lines, tubes, ball and stick, ribbons, and CPK. The user has some control over colors and sizes. Molden also has features designed for the display of proteins and crystal structures. The display can be exported as postscript, VRML, Povray, and image files. It can also be configured as a chemical mime viewer. 

Liquid crystal display systems have been increasingly used in electro-optical devices such as digital watches, calculators, televisions, instmment panels, and displays of various kinds of electronic equipment, ie, lap-top computers and word processors. The dominant reason for thek success is thek extremely low power consumption. Furthermore, the Hquid crystal display systems have been remarkably improved in recent years, and today they have high resolution (more than 300,000 pixels) and full color capabiUty almost equivalent to those of a cathode ray tube. 

Most monitors are display terminals that use cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays, which function by exciting a layer of phosphors with an electron gun. These devices include monitors used with PCs and terminals used with mainframes or minicomputers. Features such as color, resolution, and size influence power requirements. Most PC monitors are... 

The current-voltage and luminance-voltage characteristics of a state of the art polymer LED [3] are shown in Figure 11-2. The luminance of this device is roughly 650 cd/m2 at 4 V and the luminous efficiency can reach 2 lm/W. This luminance is more than adequate for display purposes. For comparison, the luminance of the white display on a color cathode ray tube is about 500 cd/m2l5J. The luminous efficiency, 2 lm/W, is comparable to other emissive electronic display technologies [5], The device structure of this state of the art LED is similar to the first device although a modified polymer and different metallic contacts are used to improve the efficiency and stability of the diode. Reference [2] provides a review of the history of the development of polymer LEDs. 

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