Events coincidental

The curve (a) traces the outline of the peak obtained directly from the number of events recorded (Figure 31.5). The second curve (b) traces the outline of the peak obtained after correcting for coincidental events (dead time, shown by the shaded area). The centroids of peaks a and b are shown, and it can be seen that they occur at the same m/z value. Thus the deadtime correction alters only the abundances and not the m/z values of the ions. 

The new addition of the building was completed by the end of 1994 and dedicated in February 1995. Because I coincidentally won the Nobel Prize just two months before (more about this in Chapter 11), some believed that there was some relationship between the two events. This certainly was not the case. Katherine Loker and our other friends had made their wonderful gifts well before, and it was just a fortunate coincidence that we had such good timing to celebrate the opening of our enlarged institute. 

It is not coincidental that the top event of the fault tree is the initiating event for the event tree. The fault tree shows how an event is decomposed into basic events whereas an event tree demonstrates the effect of the various safety functions. The disadvantage of event trees is that the outcomes are difficult to predict. Thus the outcome of interest might not arise from the analysis. 

This book is a work of fiction. The characters, incidents, and dialogue are drawn from the author s imagination and are not to be construed as real. Any resemblance to actual events or persons, living or dead, is entirely coincidental. 

This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents either are the product of the author s imagination or are used fictitiously, and any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, business establishments, events, or locales is entirely coincidental. The publisher does not have any control over and does not assume any responsibility for author or third-party websites or their content. 

What is of potential concern is that in this case, as in a very few previously described, there was also evidence of hepatocellular dysplasia, which could be a pre-malignant condition. However, with widespread use of Norplant, some reported adverse events, such as this, may be purely coincidental. 

Pheromones are powerful modulators of insect behavior. Since the isolation and identification of the first pheromone, (10E, 12Z)-hexadec-10,12-dien-l-ol, the sex attractant of the silk moth Bombyx mori, thousands of other insect pheromones have been identified. Our understanding of the sensory apparatus required for pheromone detection has also increased significantly. Coincidentally, B. mori was instrumental in many of these advances (see below). Volatile pheromones are detected by a specialized olfactory system localized on the antennae. The precise recognition of species-specific nuances in the structure and composition of pheromone components is essential for effective pheromone-based communication. The pheromone olfactory system of species studied so far exhibits remarkable selectivity towards the species-specific pheromone blend. Pheromones are emitted in low (fg-pg) quantities and are dispersed and greatly diluted in air plumes. Thus, pheromone olfaction systems are among the most sensitive chemosensory systems known. (Schneider et al., 1968). This chapter summarizes efforts (particularly over the past 10 years) to understand the molecular basis for the remarkable selectivity and sensitivity of the pheromone olfactory system in insects. The chapter will also outline efforts to design compounds that interfere with one or more of the early events in olfaction. 

John Barrow and Frank Tipler, in the Anthropic Cosmological Principle, are fascinated by the number of seemingly coincidental conditions, events, and physical constants that guide our Universe. For example, they find the number of coincidences involving 1039 remarkable. 

There is absolutely no scientific evidence for this theoiy and considerable scientific evidence against it. It is certainly true that individuals who are concerned about a traumatic event, such as the threat of the loss of a loved one who is sick, will dream about that loved one more than would otherwise be the case. We know from our experiments on lucid dreaming that it is possible to influence dream content simply by having a subject in mind while going to sleep. Therefore, dreaming about a loved one at a time when that loved one s life is threatened is not in the least bit surprising. If the dreamer then calls and finds that the individual has died, it is understandable for him or her to assume that the dream was a premonition of that death. But this is a mistake. It is simply a coincidental correspondence between a situation about which one has legitimate and intense concern and the occurrence of the event that one fears. 

There is no evidence that lithium causes or promotes the growth of tumors. Since tumors are not rare events over a lifetime, and since lithium is taken for long periods of time, any apparent association is likely to be coincidental. 

Two other cases of Bell s palsy, which reversed after interferon alfa withdrawal, have been reported (60). Although the delay in onset (7.5 and 8 weeks) suggested that interferon alfa might be the cause, one patient had no recurrence after rechallenge. A coincidental adverse event cannot therefore be completely ruled out. 

According to the authors, it is not known whether this complication was directly due to interferon alfa, represented the triggering of latent periarteritis nodosa in a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis, or whether it was a coincidental adverse event. 

Chen RT, DeStefano F. Vaccine adverse events causal or coincidental Lancet 1998 351(9103) 611-12. 

There have been reports of acute leukemia (SEDA-10, 125) and neutropenia (SEDA-5, 151) during PUVA and one dubious report of preleukemia (SEDA-4, 105). Transformation of stable chronic myelomonocytic leukemia to acute myeloid leukemia has been attributed to PUVA (SEDA-14,124). These events may aU have been purely coincidental and not causally related, as PUVA does not appear to increase the risk of non-cutaneous mahgnancies (16). 

A critical examination (4) of a report (5) of several children whose chronic bowel and behavioral abnormalities were linked to measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) immunization can be used as an example to underline Halsey s comments. Without effective and credible systems for the detection of vaccine-associated adverse events through pharmacovigilance, for distinguishing causal reactions from coincidental reactions by pharmacoepidemiological or other studies, and for risk communication, vaccine safety concerns may confuse the media and the public. 

Adverse events following immunization can be causally related to the inherent properties of the vaccine, linked to errors in administration, quality, storage, and transport of the vaccine (programmatic errors), but also occurring coincidentally after immunization. It is therefore necessary to investigate and evaluate AEFI, particularly those that are serious or unknown. 

Many definitions and descriptions of HAT, prior to the emergence of PCET as a field of study, did not adequately take into account the complexity embodied by Fig. 17.1. HAT is traditionally defined as the transfer of an electron and a proton from one location to another along a spatially coincidental pathway. In this case, the electron and proton are donated from one atom and they are accepted by another atom. These transfers are well described mechanistically as the diagonal pathway of Fig. 17.1 and they have been treated formally by a number of investigators [3, 4]. However, many reactions treated within a formalism of HAT are more complex as ET and PT are site-differentiated either along uni- or bidirectional pathways. As will be discussed in this chapter, traditional descriptions of HAT do not address how the electron and proton transfer events are coordinated mechanistically in these more complicated reactions and more general treatments of PCET are warranted. 

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