Cognitive development

Lead is a poisonous metal that especially affects children because they retain a larger fraction of lead than adults da Lead levels of0.250 ppm in a child cause delayed cognitive development How many moles of lead present in 1.00 g of a child s blood would 0.250 ppm represent ... 

Bellinger DC, Leviton A, Watemaux C, et al. 1987a. Longitudinal analyses of prenatal and postnatal lead exposure and early cognitive development. N Engl J Med 316 1037-1043. 

Dietrich KN, Succop PA, Berger OG, et al. 1991. Lead exposure and the cognitive development of urban preschool children The Cincinnati cohort lead study at age 4 years. Neurotoxicol Teratol 13 203-211. 

Ruff HA, Markowitz ME, Bijur PE, et al. 1996. Relationships among blood lead levels, iron deficiency, and cognitive development in two-year-old children. Environ Health Perspect 104(2) 180-185. 

Charlesworth, W, R. (1969). The role of surprise in cognitive development. In D. Elkind J. Flavell (Eds.), Studies in Cognitive Development Essays in honor of Jean Piaget (pp. 257-314). New York Oxford University Press. 

Casey, B.J., Giedd, J.N., and Thomas, K.M. (2000) Structural and functional brain development and its relation to cognitive development. Biol Psychol 54 241-257. 

Kovacs, M. and Goldston, D. (1991) Cognitive and social cognitive development of depressed children and adolescents. / Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 30 388-392. 

The scientific stance on the effects of bilingualism on cognitive development have followed the tides of popular belief over the past five decades. 

Pascual-Leone, J. In Cognitive Style and Cognitive Development Globerson, T. Zelniker, T. Eds. Ablex Norwood, NJ, 1989 pp 36-70. 

Stewart, P.W., J. Reihman, E.I. Lonky, T.J. Darvill, and J. Pagano. 2003. Cognitive development in preschool children prenatally exposed to PCBs and MeHg. Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 25( 1) 11 -22. 

Annette Karmiloff-Smith, Birkbeck Centre for Brain Cognitive Development, University of London, London, UK... 

Victoria C.P. Knowland and Michael S.C. Thomas, Developmental Neurocognition Lab, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK... 

More recently, it had been reported that prenatal exposure to PCBs and their heat degradation product dibenzofurans resulted in babies born with retarded growth with dysmorphic physical findings, delayed cognitive development, increased otitis media, and more behavioral problems than in unexposed children (Guo et al., 2004b). 

Lai, T.J., 2001. Effect of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on cognitive development in children A longitudinal study in Taiwan. Br. J. Psychiatry 178(Suppl 40), S49-S52. 

The MHPCD, initiated in 1982, is focusing upon the consequences of prenatal use of marijuana, alcohol, and cocaine. The subjects in this high-risk cohort are of low socioeconomic status and just over half are African American. Alterations in growth, cognitive development, temperament, and emotionality have been reported in offspring up to the age of 10 (Goldschmidt et al., 2000). 

Casey BJ, Tottenham N, Liston C, Durston S (2005) Imaging the developing brain what have we learned about cognitive development Trends Cogn Sci, 9(3) 104-110. 

One of the particularly perplexing aspects of drug-induced teratogenesis is that it may not express itself for considerable time. Concern over subtle effects on brain development was indicated earlier decrements in cognitive development can be difficult to discern and may not manifest themselves for decades. Other drug-induced... 

Lead can be a serious danger to public health as quoted in the Council Directive 96/23 of 29 April 1996. Lead can slow down cognitive development, reduce the intellectual abilities of children and increase cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure in adults. One should note that, over the last few years, the lead percentage in foodstuffs has considerably decreased thanks to public awareness of the problem and efforts to reduce lead levels. A significant role was played in this context by the quality and reliability of chemical analyses. 

Greenough, W., 8c Black, J. (1992). Induction of brain structure by experience Substrates for cognitive development. In M. Gunnar 8c C. Nelson (Eds.), Developmental behavioral neuroscience Vol. 24. Minnesota Symposia on Child Development (pp. 155—200). Hillsdale, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum. 

Zelazo PD, Muller U. 2002. Executive function in typical and atypical development. Handbook of Child Cognitive Development. Gowswami U, editor. Oxford Blackwell pp. 445-489. 

Clark, H. H. (1973). Space, time, semantics, and the child. In T. E. Moore (ed.), Cognitive development and the acquisition of language (pp. 27-63). New York Academic Press. 

Frydman, O., and Bryant, P. E. (1988). Sharing and the understanding of number equivalence by young children. Cognitive Development, 3, 323-339. 

Halford, G. S. (1992). Analogical reasoning and conceptual complexity in cognitive development. Human Development, 35, 193-217. 

Newcombe, N. S., and Huttenlocher, J. (in press). Making space taking cognitive development one domain at a time. Cambridge MIT Press. 

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