Codex Alimentarius Commission CAC

For example, a guideline approved in 2009 by the CAC defines a validated method as an accepted test method for which validation smdies have been completed to determine the accuracy and reliability of this method for a specific purpose, referencing a definition provided by the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM). This definition is similar in content to definitions used by Eurachem, AOAC International, the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), and the VICH.19 

There are two sources of information from the CAC that provide guidance on the validation of analytical methods. General guidance on method validation, including single-laboratory method validation, may be found in the CAC Procedural Manual.This is supplemented by Codex Alimentarius Commission guidelines, a number of which have been adopted from harmonized guidelines previously developed by independent international scientific 

7 Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) 

JECEA is an independent expert committee established (and jointly administered) by the FAO and the WHO in 1956 to evaluate the safety of food additives. Uie work has since expanded to include the evaluation of the safety of contaminants, naturally occurring toxicants and residues of veterinary drugs in food. JECFA serves as the risk assessor for the Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods (CCRVDF), establishing an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for a veterinary drug when sufficient information is available, recommending maximum residue limits (MRLs) for consideration by 

CCRVDF, and also evaluating the suitability of analytical methods for these residues. Two aspects are considered by JECFA with respect to the performance of analytical methods (1) JECFA must ensure that methods used in the pharmacokinetic and residue depletion studies considered in the establishment of an ADI or recommendation of MRLs are suitably validated to support the quality of the data reported in these studies, and (2) JECFA has been asked by CCRVDF to recommend when a suitably validated analytical method is available for regulatory use to support the recommended MRLs. JECFA has published a guidance document that states the requirements for validation of analytical methods submitted for JECFA consideration.  

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The global nature of the food supply and world food trade have made food quality and food safety international issues. Hence, since its inception, the World Health Organization (WHO) has been working toward the improvement of food safety. In partnership with the Lood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (LAO), WHO provides for the Secretariat of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC). The latter Commission is responsible for all matters pertaining to the implementation of the Joint LAO/WHO Lood Standards Program. 

In 1961/62 the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) to elaborate international food standards and codes of practice for questions related to food. Questions concerning contaminants were dealt with, partly by the Commodity Committees and partly in the Codex Committee for Food Additives and Contaminants (CCFAC). The Codex Alimentarius system concerning contaminants is described in section 12.2. 

Before an evaluation of the impact of a possible mycotoxin contamination in fruits on human health, the general procedure of risk assessment and the outcome thereof for mycotoxins by international agencies is briefly described. With the establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995, standards and recommendations elaborated by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) reflect the international consensus for health and safety requirements (Moy, 1998). The CAC is an intergovernmental institution, which was founded in 1963 by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 

Ceftiofur is known to rapidly metabolize after intramuscular administration, resulting in metabolite residues found in milk and tissue. Reported metabolites include desfuroylceftlofur (DEC), desfuroylceftlofur cysteine disulfide (DCCD), protein-bound DEC, and ceftiofur thiolactone. " Because these metabolites are all micro-biologically active, the EU MRL was defined as the sum of all residues retaining the f)-lactam structure, expressed as DEC, " whereas the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) defined DEC as the only marker residue, simplifying the analysis. This approach is also used in the United States of America. 

The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) issued a guideline in 1997 for laboratories involved in the import/export testing of foods recommending that such laboratories meet the following four criteria ... 

Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC/GL 71-2009, Guidelines for the Design and Implementation of National Regulatory Food Safety Assurance Programme Associated with the Use of Veterinary Drugs in Food Producing Animals, Rome, 2009. 

Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC/GL 37-2001, Harmonized lUPAC Guidelines for the Use of Recovery Information in Analytical Measurement, Rome, 2001. 

Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC/GL 40-1993, Rev. 1-2003, Guidelines on Good Laboratory Practice in Residue Analysis, Rome, 2003. 

Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC/GL 16-1993, Codex Guidelines for the Establishment of a Regulatory Programme for Control of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Rome, 1993. 

FAO/WHO (1973) List of maximum levels recommended for contaminants. Food Standards Programme, Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC/FAC-2, Rome. 

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