Cocaine dependence regulation

DA TRANSPORTER AND COCAINE DEPENDENCE 5.2.1 Regulation of the Dopamine Transporter (DAT) by Cocaine... 

The possible genetic basis of cocaine-induced paranoia has been studied in 45 European Americans with cocaine dependency (181). Low activity of the enzyme dopamine P-hydroxylase (the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline) in the serum or cerebrospinal fluid was positively associated with the occurrence of positive psychotic symptoms in several psychiatric disorders. The activity of dopamine P-hydroxylase is a stable, genetically determined trait that is regulated by genes located at the DBH locus. The haplotype associated with low dopamine P-hydroxylase activity, Del-a, occurred more often in 29 subjects with cocaine-induced paranoia than in 16 without. These findings may have implications for the pharmacological treatment of cocaine dependence. 

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Itzhak Y. Differential regulation of brain opioid receptors following repeated cocaine administration to guinea pigs. Drug Alcohol Depend. 3 53, 1993. 

Staley JK, Basile M, Wetli CV, Hearn WL, Flynn DD, Ruttenber AJ, Mash DC (1993) Differential regulation of the dopamine transporter in cocaine overdose deaths. In Harris LS (Ed), NIDA Res Monograph Proceedings of the 55 th Annual College on Problems of Drug Dependence Meeting, p. 32, Washington, D.C. 

CaMPKs I—IV, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases I-IV CART, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript CART-R, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript receptor CAT, catecholamine... 

The CB receptor has been shown to regulate cocaine and heroin reinforcement as well as opioid dependence (De Vries et al. 2001 Ledent et al. 1999). When the CBi receptor was knocked out by homologous recombination, not only did... 

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