Cobalt hydrazine nitrate

With bivalent metals, hydrazine nitrate forms coordination compounds that may be represented by the general formula Me[(N2H4)2 3l(N03)2 [6]. The two most often mentioned substances are nickel hydrazine nitrate (NHN) and cobalt hydrazine nitrate (CoNH). 

The description of crystal type and color of several metallic hydrazine nitrates are summarized in Table 13.8. The density of NHN is 2.07 g cm . Nickel and cobalt hydrazine nitrate are practically insoluble in common organic solvents (e.g., ethanol, acetone) and sparingly soluble in water (0.47 g 1 at 30 °C, 2.31 g 1 at 70 °C). NHN bums upon the action of 96 % sulfiuic acid, but weak acid makes it decompose more gently CoHN explodes in contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. NHN mildly reacts with a 10 % solution of sodium hydroxide and this can be used for producing a chemical decomposition. NHN is stable on exposure to sunlight and it hardly reacts at aU with common metals. Cobalt hydrazine nitrate is unstable and decomposes slowly, even in the presence of traces of moisture, changing in color from brown to greenish [16, 17]. 

Zhu et al. have modified the synthesis procedure for nickel nitrate hydrazine so as to make it viable for industrial manufacture [28]. Detailed investigations on physical and thermochemical properties, stability test, explosive performance test, and safety tests have been made to evaluate the performance of nickel hydrazine nitrate (NiHN) and cobalt hydrazine nitrate (CoHN) as primary explosives [29]. 

Cobalt(ll)hydrazine Nitrate ar Cobaltous Trihydrazine Nitrate, Co(NC>3)2.3N2H4 brownish pdr mp - expl ca 210° exlp also on impact, friction or contact with coned sulfuric acid decomp in presence of moisture. Can be prepd by treating cobaltous hexammine nitrate with 50% hydrazine hydrate or by other methods. 

The explosive properties of a series of 5 amminecobalt(III) azides were examined in detail. Compounds were hexaamminecobalt triazide, pentaammineazidocobalt diazide, cis- and traw.v-tetraamminediazidocobalt azide, triamminecobalt triazide [1], A variety of hydrazine complexed azides and chloroazides of divalent metals have been prepared. Those of iron, manganese and copper could not be isolated cobalt, nickel, cadmium and zinc gave products stable at room temperature but more or less explosive on heating [2]. Some polyammine azido-metal nitrates of Cr, Ni and Cu were found to be explosively photosensitive. Replacement of ammonia by triethanolamine gave compounds smoothly photodecomposing [3]. 

Lead is immune to distilled water free from C02 and oxygen. Air free from C02 in distilled water corrodes lead. In presence of C02 a film of basic lead carbonate in formed, which prevents further attack. The successful use of lead pipe coils for steam boiler applications depends on the use of pure water condensate, which is free from oxygen and carbon dioxide. In the event of the presence of oxygen, oxygen scavengers such as hydrazine or sodium sulfite together with cobalt nitrate may be used. 

Ions that can be analyzed by electrochemical detection include cyanide, sulfide, hypochlorite, ascorbate, hydrazine, arsenite, phenols, aromatic amines, bromide, iodide, and thiosulfate [53], nitrite and nitrate [54.55], cobalt and iron [46], and others. The list may be extended through the technique of post-column derivatization to include many more ions such as carboxylic acids, halide ions, alkaline earth ions, and some transition metal ions [57,58). An example of an electrochemical reaction to detect ions is shown by Eq. 4.8. 

ACETIC ACID, COBALT(II) SALT (71-48-7) Co(CjH30j)i 4HOH Noncombustible solid. Solution in water is basic (pH 6.8 to >7.0) reacts with acids. Some cobalt compounds react with oxidizers, acetylene. Cobalt is a known animal carcinogen. ACETIC ACID, CUPRIC SALT (142-71-2) Cu(C2H302)i H20 Noncombustible solid. Solution in water is basic reacts with acids. Incompatible with acetylides, hydrazine, nitromethane, mercurous chloride nitrates, sodium hypobromite. Thermal decomposition releases fumes of copper, acetic acid, and carbon oxides. 

Adding cobalt sulfate to the reaction can increase the rate. In contrast, addition of copper salts can fuUy remove the hysteresis and sodium nitrate works equally effectively. The reaction between H2O2 and a mixture of hydrazine and methanol represents the principle for a liquid explosive. Table 7.47 shows the parameters for a liquid explosive using 80 % H2O2 as oxidizing agent... 

Hypochlorite, ascorbate, hydrazine, arsenite, thiosulfate, nitrite, nitrate, cobalt and iron are a partial list of the ions that have been detected using amperometric detection [55]. The most common ions determined by amperometric detection in 1C include inorganic anions forming complexes with cyanide, sulfide, and iodide at a silver electrode [56]. The relevant chemical reaction is shovra below. 

Detailed preparation methods for NHN and CoHN have been described by Chhabra et al. [20]. They used diluted aqueous solutions (4 and 8 %) of nickel nitrate preheated to 65 °C and simultaneously mixed it with a concentrated solution (>80 %) of hydrazine hydrate. The reaction gave a 90 % yield of NHN. When using cobalt nitrate the yield was 85 % of CoHN. Reducing the temperature to 25 °C led to yields around 90 % for both complexes however, the products obtained at lower temperatures were amorphous and did not flow as well as the granular ones produced at higher temperatures. 

Metal nitrate hydrazines of the type M(N03)2(N2H4) are prepared by the conventional route, which involves the addition of alcoholic hydrazine hydrate to an aqueous solution of metal nitrate. Cobalt nitrate hydrazine, [Co(N03)2(N2H4)3], is prepared in a reaction mixture containing an aqueous solution of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and hydrazine hydrate (1 3), at room temperature. The product is precipitated instantaneously in 96% yield by the addition of alcohol ... 

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